SEC 2 Flashcards
(36 cards)
What is a solid?
A solid is hard or rigid with a definite shape and volume.
What does the Kinetic-Molecular Theory explain?
It explains the properties of solids, like other states of matter.
How are solid particles arranged compared to liquids or gases?
Solid particles are more closely packed than those in liquids or gases.
What type of forces are stronger in solids than in liquids or gases?
Intermolecular forces such as dipole-dipole, London dispersion, and hydrogen bonding.
What is the movement of particles in solids?
Particles are in fixed positions with only vibrational movement.
How do solids compare in order to liquids and gases?
Solids are more ordered than liquids and much more ordered than gases.
What is meant by a solid having a definite shape?
Solids maintain a definite shape without a container.
What does it mean for a solid to have a definite volume?
Volume changes only slightly with change in temperature or pressure.
What is the packed particle characteristic of solids?
Particles are tightly packed with little empty space.
What is melting in relation to solids?
Melting is the physical change of a solid to a liquid by the addition of energy as heat.
What is the melting point of a solid?
The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.
What happens at the melting point of a solid?
The kinetic energies of the particles within the solid overcome the attractive force holding them together.
Do crystalline solids have a definite melting point?
Yes, crystalline solids have definite melting points.
How does the density of solids compare to liquids and gases?
Solids are denser than liquids and much denser than gases.
What is the least dense solid?
Solid hydrogen.
What is the densest solid?
Osmium (Os).
Are solids compressible?
Solids are less compressible than liquids and nearly incompressible.
What slows down diffusion in solids?
Diffusion in solids is millions of times slower than in liquids.
What are the two types of solids?
- Crystalline Solids
- Amorphous Solids
What characterizes crystalline solids?
Particles arranged in an orderly, geometric, repeating pattern.
What is a crystal?
A substance in which the particles are arranged in an orderly, geometric, repeating pattern.
What is the total three-dimensional arrangement of particles in a crystal called?
Crystal structure.
What is a unit cell in a crystal lattice?
The smallest portion of a crystal lattice that shows the three-dimensional pattern of the entire lattice.
What are the types of crystalline crystals?
- Ionic Crystals
- Covalent Network Crystals
- Metallic Crystals
- Covalent Molecular Crystals
