[SEC 3] CHAPTER 4 - chemical bonding Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is a positive ion also known as?
Cation
What is formed when an atom loses electron(s)?
A positive ion (cation)
What charge do cations have?
Net positive charge
what is a stable noble gas electronic configuration?
any element with fully-filled valence electron shell
what is a negative ion known as?
anion
what is formed when an atom gains electron(s)?
a negative ion (anion)
what charge do anions have?
net negative charge
define an ionic bond
an ionic bond is the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions (cations and anions)
what is an ionic compound
an ionic compound is an electrically neutral compound
what do ionic solids exist as?
a giantt ionic crystal lattice
define a covalent bond
electrostatic forces of attraction between the positive nuclei and the shared pair of electrons of the atoms in the covalent substance
what is a molecule?
a molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
what is valency?
valency is the number of electrons that must be lost, gained or shared in order for the atom to attain a noble gas electronic configuration
what do molecules of elements contain?
contains two or more atoms of the same element covalently bonded together
what do molecules of compounds contain?
contains two or more atgoms of different elements covalently bonded together
what structure do solid metals have?
a giant metallic lattice structure
define the metallic bond
the metallic bond is the mutual electrostatic attraction between positively charged ions in a metal and the “sea of delocalised elecgtrons”
describe the arrangement of atoms in a metal
the metal atoms are arranged in a regular pattern, are packed tightly together in layers and are held strongly together by strong metallic bonds in a giant metallic lattice
covalent bonding formed by atoms results in?
simple covalent molecules and giant covalent molecules
