Second Language Anxiety Flashcards
(32 cards)
Where does Second Language Anxiety originate?
- Because learning a second language poses a threat to a person’s ego, having a LOW SELF-PERCEPTION can result in Anxiety when learning a second language.
- Also having UNREALISTIC or COUNTER-PRODUCTIVE BELIEFS can lead to language learning anxiety, when the person is a Perfectionist or the beliefs are Unforgiving.
Is all stress bad?
No
- Having a moderate amount of stress can actually be beneficial to the learner and help them achieve their goals.
- Has a upside-down U-Shaped behavior.
What are some effects of severe foreign language anxiety?
- Freezing up when asked to speak
- Blanking on Tests, despite studying a lot
- Lower Grades
- Overstudying
- Risk Avoidance
- Slower L2 processing speed
- Underestimate L2 Competence
Which types of people are more prone to language learning?
- Introverts
- Intuitive Learners
What is an Intuitive Thinker?
- Intuitive: People who like to work with things to figure them out. Solve puzzles or riddles.
- Thinkers: ANALYTICAL and LOGICAL
What are some measures of Foreign Language Anxiety?
-Horwitz: Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale
(FLCAS)
-MacIntyre: Input, Processing, Output Anxiety Scales (IPOAS)
What advantages do Extroverts have in Language Learning?
- Extroverts tend to…
- Maintain a Higher Fluency
- Have Better Short-Term Memory
- Be More Resilient to Stressors.
How might Foreign Language Anxiety influence Willingness to Communicate?
- Foreign Language Anxiety negatively affects a learner’s Self-Perceived Competence, which in turn decreases their Communicative Confidence. CC is also directly influenced by Anxiety.
- Communicative Confidence is a strong Antecedent of a person’s Willingness to Communicate.
What is Willingness to Communicate?
The Likelihood that a learner will initiate L2 communication with a L2 speaker.
What are Antecedents of Willingness to Communicate?
- Communicative Confidence
- L2 Attitudes (Self-Reported Contact)
What effects a person’s Communicative Confidence? In which settings are each of the antecedents most influential in predicting CC.
- Anxiety: More predictive of CC in High-L2-Use settings (Immersion or SL Courses)
- Self-Perceived Competence: More Predictive in Low-L2-Use settings (Foreign Language Classroom).
What role do L2 Attitudes (Self-Reported Contact) play in a learner’s Willingness to Communicate?
- These attitudes are shaped by the quantity and quality of past experiences
- But also shape a learner’s future willingness to communicate.
- In Low-L2-Use Settings, this factor plays a large role. Research shows that affinity for the L2 group, will lead to more L2 contact.
- This however is not the case for High-L2-Use Settings.
What is shown by studies of Learning Strategies?
There is no clear evidence that any particular learning strategy is more beneficial than another. Differences in how these strategies are implemented can influence learning, but not the strategies themselves.
What are 6 strategic behavior qualities of good learners? (Learning Strategies Section)
- Good Guessers
- Pay attention to Form and Meaning
- They try out new Knowledge
- Monitor their and other’s output
- They Constantly Practice
- Cope well with vulnerability from language learning
What types of Learning Strategies are there?
- Affective (Encouraging Oneself)
- Social (Practicing with others)
- Metacognitive (Clear Goals, Self-Awareness)
- Cognitive (Guessing from Context, Taking Notes)
- Memory (Mental Imaging or Memory devices)
- Compensatory (Circumlocution: Using what you have, even though there exists better ways).
Which Personality Trait is especially beneficial to language learning? What qualities are related to this trait?
Openness to Experience, because…
- Low Ethnocentrism
- Self-Confidence
- Creativity
How does Stress affect Introverts?
- Under stressful conditions…
- Introverts tend to use Higher Lexical Richness and More Explicit Language
- But at a cost of more Hesitations and Breaks in Speaking.
What three factors are measured by the Attitude/Motivation Test Battery in order to determine the quantity of a person’s motivation?
- Intensity or Effort
- Enjoyment
- Investment
What is a truly motivated individual?
Someone who scores high on all three factors of the Attitude/Motivation Test Battery.
What are some Antecedents of Motivation?
- Attitudes Towards L2 Community
- Attitudes Towards Instruction Setting
- Integrativeness
- Orientations
- Self-Confidence in the L2
- Ethnovitality
- Social Support
How does Gardner define Integrativeness?
The genuine desire to learn a second language in order to become closer to that L2 Community.
What are the three factors of Integrativeness?
- Favorable Attitudes towards L2 speakers
- General Interest in Foreign Languages + Low Ethnocentrism
- Endorsement of Reasons for learning the L2 that are related to interaction with the L2 Community.
What is defined as Integrative Motivation?
- High Integrativeness
- High Levels of Motivation on AMTB
- Positive Attitudes towards Learning Situation
What is Orientation?
Orientations are the reasons a person learns an L2.
