second med exam

Question 1

what are the classifications of acyclovir

Answer 1

T: antiviral
P: purine analogues

Question 2

what is a major side effect of acyclovir

Answer 2

thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndome

Question 3

what are nursing implications of acyclovir?

Answer 3

assess for lesions
assess for recurrence of symptoms

Question 4

what is the number one thing patients need to do when taking acyclovir

Answer 4

HYDRATE

Question 5

Action:
interferes with viral DNA synthesis. inhibits viral replication, decreases viral shedding, and reduces the healing time of lesions

Answer 5

acyclovir

Question 6

classifications of alendronate

Answer 6

T: bone reabsorption
P: bisphosphonates

Question 7

side effect of alendronate

Answer 7

esophageal irritation

Question 8

when is alendronate administered

Answer 8

30 min before other meds w/ 6-8 ounces of water

Question 9

Action:
inhibits reabsorption of bone inhibiting osteoclast activity

Answer 9

alendronate

Question 10

amoxicillin classifications

Answer 10

T: anti-infective
P: aminopenicillin

Question 11

side effects of amoxicillin

Answer 11

diarrhea, rash, anaphylaxis

Question 12

Action:
binds to bacterial cell wall causing cell death

Answer 12

amoxicillin

Question 13

what is commonly prescribed for skin infections, otitis media, sinusitis, genitourinary infections

Answer 13

amoxicillin

Question 14

classifications of azithromycin

Answer 14

T: anti-infective
P: macrolides

Question 15

what med can have hypersensitivity to erythromycin?

Answer 15

azithromycin

Question 16

Action:
inhibits protein synthesis at the level of 50S bacterial ribosome

Answer 16

azithromycin

Question 17

clindamycin classifications:

Answer 17

T: anti-infective

Question 18

side effects of clindamycin

Answer 18

pseudomembranous colitis and diarrhea

Question 19

what must the nurse do prior to initiating clindamycin

Answer 19

obtain specimen cultures

Question 20

what can a patient NOT take when taking clindamycin

Answer 20

antidiarrheals

Question 21

action:
inhibits protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria

Answer 21

clindamycin

Question 22

what is active against most gram-positive aerobic cocci

Answer 22

clindamycin

Question 23

diphenhydramine classifications

Answer 23

T: allergy, cold, and cough remedies, antihistamines, antitussives

Question 24

what are the possible side effects of diphenhydramine

Answer 24

drowsiness, dizziness, sedation, dry mouth, blurred vision, anorexia, photosensitivity

Question 25

what needs to be assessed before giving diphenhydramine

Answer 25

BP, pulse, RR

Question 26

client teaching of diphenhydramine

Answer 26

avoid activities requiring alertness avoid alcohol and CNS depressants

Question 27

what may happen to children when taking diphenhydramine

Answer 27

excitation

Question 28

Action: antagonizes the effect of histamine at H1-receptor sites, does not bind to or inactivate depressant and anticholinergic properties

Answer 28

diphenhydramine

Question 29

erythromycin

Answer 29

T: anti-infective P: macrolide

Question 30

side effects of erythromycin

Answer 30

N&V, ototoxicity, rash, pseudomembranous colitis,, and phlebitis w/ IV

Question 31

Action: suppresses protein synthesis at the level of the 508 bacterial ribosome

Answer 31

erythromycin

Question 32

what diseases should you use erythromycin cautiously in

Answer 32

renal or liver disease

Question 33

classifications of estrogen

Answer 33

T: hormones P: estrogens

Question 34

side effects of estrogen

Answer 34

blood clots, headaches, hypertension, weight changes, edema, breast tenderness, abnormal bleeding, nausea, erectile dysfunction, testicular atrophy, acne, oily skin, gynecomastia

Question 35

what are important nursing implications of estrogen

Answer 35

healthy history (blood clots, HTN, cancer) BP and weight, while taking

Question 36

should estrogen be taken with or without food?

Answer 36

with food, it may increase HDL and triglycerides

Question 37

when should a patient report estrogen SE

Answer 37

ACHES abdominal pain, chest pain, headaches, eye problems, severe leg pain

Question 38

what should a patient avoid while taking estrogen

Answer 38

smoking and grapefruit

Question 39

action: promote growth and development of female sex organs and the maintenance of secondary sex characteristics in females

Answer 39

estrogen

Question 40

what is estrogen used for

Answer 40

contraception manage perimenopausal and postmenopausal symptoms hormone-sensitive tumors

Question 41

gentamicin classifications

Answer 41

T: anti-infective P: aminoglycoside

Question 42

gentamicin side effects

Answer 42

ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, ataxia, vertigo, N&V

Question 43

what must be obtained before taking/giving gentamicin

Answer 43

specimens blood levels hearing vestibular dysfunction

Question 44

action: inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria, bactericidal action

Answer 44

gentamicin

Question 45

used in treatment for serious gram-negative staphylococci infections

Answer 45

gentamicin

Question 46

what needs to be adjusted on basis of blood level monitoring and assessment of renal function

Answer 46

gentamicin

Question 47

oxybutynin classification

Answer 47

T: urinary tract antispasmodic P: anticholinergics

Question 48

SE of oxybutynin

Answer 48

drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, nausea

Question 49

what needs assessed when a patient is taking oxybutynin

Answer 49

voiding patterns

Question 50

what needs to be avoided when taking oxybutynin

Answer 50

CNS depressants

Question 51

action: increases bladder capacity and delays desire to void

Answer 51

oxybutynin

Question 52

what can happen when a child takes oxybutynin

Answer 52

severe psychosis and aggression in children

Question 53

oxytocin classifications

Answer 53

T: hormones P: oxytocics

Question 54

induction side effects of oxytocin

Answer 54

increased uterine motility (hypercontractility) leading to: placental abruption, rapid labor & birth, and uterine rupture. water intoxication fetal: rapid labor and birth leading to: fetal hypoxia, trauma to fetal head

Question 55

post-delivery side effects of oxytocin

Answer 55

afterbirth pains

Question 56

what does a nurse need to assess when giving oxytocin (induction)

Answer 56

assess fetal maturity, pelvic adequacy, fetal heart rate, frequency and duration of uterine contractions, water intoxications, BP and pulse

Question 57

what does a nurse need to assess when giving oxytocin (post-delivery)

Answer 57

uterine fundus and flow for response

Question 58

what should a nurse teach a patient about oxytocin

Answer 58

it is used to control bleeding

Question 59

action: stimulates uterine smooth muscle, producing uterine contractions similar to those in spontaneous labor. has a vasopressor and antidiuretic effect

Answer 59

oxytocin

Question 60

antidote to oxytocin

Answer 60

terbutaline or magnesium sulfate

Question 61

indications of oxytocin

Answer 61

induction of labor, postpartum contol of bleeding after expulsion of the placenta

Question 62

classifications of phytonadione

Answer 62

T: vitamins, antidote P: fat-soluble vitamins

Question 63

side effects of phytonadione

Answer 63

erythema, pain, and swelling at the site, hyperbilirubinemia, allergic reaction, GI upset, unusual taste

Question 64

what needs assessed for phytonadione

Answer 64

frank and occult bleeding prothrombin time

Question 64

what needs assessed for phytonadione

Answer 64

frank and occult bleeding prothrombin time

Question 65

what is phytonadione the antidote to

Answer 65

coumadin

Question 66

what should a patient not take when taking phytonadione

Answer 66

OTC or herbal products

Question 67

action: required for hepatic synthesis of blood coagulation factors II (prothrombin). VII, IX and X

Answer 67

phytonadione

Question 68

what is phytonadione used for

Answer 68

synthesis of prothrombin and factors VII, IX, X needed for blood coagulation given for malabsorption diseases, severe diarrhea from antibiotic use or new born deficiency

Question 69

sildenafil classifications

Answer 69

T: erectile dysfunction agent, vasodilator P: phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor

Question 70

side effects of sildenafill

Answer 70

headache, dizziness, flushing, hypotension, myocardial infarction, dyspepsia, priapism

Question 71

nursing implications of sildenafil

Answer 71

BP, exercise tolerance

Question 72

when should a patient take sidenafil

Answer 72

1 hour before sexual activity DO NOT take more than once a day

Question 73

what should you NOT take with sidenafil

Answer 73

alpha-adrenergic blockers or nitrates

Question 74

when should a patient notify HCP when taking sildenafil

Answer 74

if erection is more than 4 hours

Question 75

what patients cannot take sildenafil

Answer 75

patients with cardiovascular disease

Question 76

tamsulosin classification

Answer 76

T: none P: peripherally acting antiadrenergic

Question 77

side effects of tamsulosin

Answer 77

headache, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension

Question 78

what should you assess with tamsulosin

Answer 78

BPH (urinary problems) dizziness and edema I/O and daily weight

Question 79

what should patients avoid when first taking tamsulosin

Answer 79

driving

Question 80

indicated for the management of urinary urgency, hesitancy, and nocturia of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 80

tamsulosin

Question 81

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole classifications

Answer 81

T: anti-infective, antiprotozoals P: folate antagonists, sulfonamides

Question 82

side effects of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Answer 82

rash, N&V, photosensitivity, pseudomembranous colitis, erythema multiforme

Question 83

what in contraindicated with patients taking trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Answer 83

allergies to sulfa

Question 84

how should trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole be administered

Answer 84

with a full glass of water

Question 85

what should trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole patients avoid

Answer 85

direct sun exposure

Question 86

action: combination inhibits the metabolism of folic acid in bacteria at two different points

Answer 86

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Question 87

what is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole commonly used for

Answer 87

treatment of lower urinary tract infections