second semester final

Question 1

what happens to reaction rate as temp goes up

Answer 1

goes up regardless of endo or exo

Question 2

how does a catalyst increase reaction rate

Answer 2

creates an alternative pathway lowering activation energy

Question 3

what is activation energy

Answer 3

the energy required for forward reaction

Question 4

what happens to an equation at equilibrium when more reactants are added?

Answer 4

makes more products

Question 5

in an endothermic reaction, energy is …

Answer 5

absorbed

Question 6

in an exothermic reaction, energy is …

Answer 6

released

Question 7

the more energy that’s stored…

Answer 7

the less stable it is

Question 8

an increase in pressure will shift the reaction …

Answer 8

toward less molecules

Question 9

what is entropy

Answer 9

chaos

Question 10

what is the change in G?

Answer 10

Gibbs free energy

Question 11

what will happen when you make a conjugate acid

Answer 11

it will receive a hydrogen

Question 12

what will happen when you make a conjugate base

Answer 12

it will lose a hydrogen

Question 13

do bases receive or lose hydrogen

Answer 13

receive

Question 14

do acids receive or lose hydrogen

Answer 14

lose

Question 15

strong acids and strong electrical conductivity have a ____ Ka

Answer 15

high

Question 16

weak acids have a ____ Ka

Answer 16

low

Question 17

a high specific heat means that it will change temp …

Answer 17

slower

Question 18

a low specific heat means that it will change temp…

Answer 18

faster

Question 19

why do some alpha particles bounce back after getting fired through gold foil

Answer 19

The nuclei makes a direct hit with the foil

Question 20

mass increases as you move down and …

Answer 20

left

Question 21

what number is below the element symbol

Answer 21

atomic number

Question 22

what number is next to/above the element symbol

Answer 22

mass number

Question 23

how do you find unpaired electrons

Answer 23

find out how many electrons needed to get to end of orbital. ex: S is in the 4th column of the p orbital so it has 2 unpaired e-. (p orbital fits 6)

Question 24

red has the _______ wavelength of the colors

Answer 24

longest

Question 25

what is the wavelength spectrum in order of longest to shortest

Answer 25

radio, micro, infrared, visible, UV, X-ray, gamma

Question 26

are filled orbitals unstable or stable?

Answer 26

stable

Question 27

what happens to electron configuration when you get to transition metals?

Answer 27

the row number decreases by 1 and you add d. ex: the configuration of Titanium is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d2

Question 28

ionization energy ____ as you go right

Answer 28

increases

Question 29

name the group names in order

Answer 29

Alkali Metals, Alkali earth metals, boron family, carbon family, nitrogen family, chalcogens, halogens, noble gases.

Question 30

what is the bonding, angle, hybridization, and shape of linear molecules?

Answer 30

2 bonding, 0 nonbonding, 180, sp, a line

Question 31

what is the bonding, angle, hybridization, and shape of trigonal planar molecules?

Answer 31

3 bonding, 0 nonbonding, 120, sp2, triangle shape on a flat plane

Question 32

what is the bonding, angle, hybridization, and shape of tetrahedral molecules?

Answer 32

4 bonding, 0 nonbonding, 109.5, sp3, a pyramid w/ central atom in the middle

Question 33

what is the bonding, angle, hybridization, and shape of trigonal pyramidal molecules?

Answer 33

3 bonding, 1 nonbonding, 107, sp3, pyramid but center atom is at the top

Question 34

what is the bonding, angle, hybridization, and shape of bent molecules?

Answer 34

2 bonding, 2 nonbonding, 104.5, sp3, triangle ish

Question 35

what are ion-dipole forces

Answer 35

when a salt dissolves in water

Question 36

what are dipole-dipole forces

Answer 36

when 2 polar molecules attract each other

Question 37

what are london dispersion forces

Answer 37

when 2 nonpolar molecules attract one another

Question 38

what happens to pressure when you increase temp

Answer 38

it increases

Question 39

what happens to temp during phase change

Answer 39

remains the same

Question 40

what is a strong electrolyte?

Answer 40

salts and strong acids dissociate/ionize

Question 41

what are weak acids?

Answer 41

molecules

Question 42

what is fusion and crystalization?

Answer 42

fusion- solid to liquid (endo) crystalization- liquid to solid (exo)

Question 43

what is evaporation and condensation?

Answer 43

evaporation- liquid to gas (endo) condensation- gas to liquid (exo)

Question 44

what is sublimation and deposition?

Answer 44

sublimation- solid to gas (endo) deposition- gas to solid (exo)

Question 45

how to find average mass?

Answer 45

change percent to decimal by moving decimal two places left and then multiply by mass and add values together

Question 46

how do you find percent composition?

Answer 46

divide mass of certain element by mass of compound and multiply by 100