second test Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are the differences between DNA and RNA?
What are the 3 parts that make up RNA nucleotides?
Genes that are responsible for controlling specific traits can be altered by changing the sequence
of the __________________________________
Proteins are made up of _______________
Proteins are important because they control __________
During transcription, _________________ is/are formed.
Where in the cell does transcription take place?_____________
What enzyme causes the DNA molecule to “unzip”? ________________
The mRNA strand that leaves the nucleus is much shorter than the original strand of mRNA
because _______________________ were removed
What describes a three-base section of mRNA that codes for an amino acid? _______________
The formation of a protein at the ribosome is referred to as _______________
Because there are only 4 bases to code for 20 different amino acids, each codon must consist of
______________ bases.
Each tRNA is assigned a specific __________
What does a stop codon do? ___________________
What is a gene mutation? _______________
In sickle cell hemoglobin, the amino acid valine is present instead of glutamic acid.
The DNA that codes for glutamic acid is CTT. The DNA that codes for valine is CAT. This mutation is
the result of what kind of mutation? ______________
What are the possible results of a point mutation? ____
Which type of gene mutation results in a complete change in the amino acid chain being produced?
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Write the strand of DNA from which the mRNA strand was made.
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
The anticodons for the codons in the above mRNA are
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
What is the portion of the protein molecule coded for by the piece of mRNA shown?
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Below is the normal gene. Transcribe the DNA into mRNA. Translate the mRNA into amino acids.
DNA: T A C G C G C A T C C T G A C C G G A T T
mRNA: ______________________________________________________________
AA: _________________________________________________________________
Below is a mutated gene. Transcribe the DNA into mRNA. Translate the mRNA into amino acids. Identify the type of mutation and explain what the possible effects of the mutation will be on the protein and individual.
DNA: T A C A G C A T C C T G A C C G G A T T
mRNA: ______________________________________________________________
AA: _________________________________________________________________
Mutation Type: _____________________________________
Effects: ______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Below is a mutated gene. Transcribe the DNA into mRNA. Translate the mRNA into amino acids. Identify the type of mutation and explain what the possible effects of the mutation will be on the protein and individual.
DNA: T A C G C C C A T C C T G A C C G G A T T
mRNA: ______________________________________________________________
AA: _________________________________________________________________
Mutation Type: _____________________________________
Effects: ______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
