sect 3

Question 1

Gas Evolution

Answer 1

Indicates the presence of carbonate minerals

Question 2

Hardness

Answer 2

Ca + Mg

Question 3

what does 15% hcl dissolve

Answer 3

Carbonates, Fe minerals

Question 4

what does 12-3 mud acid dissolve

Answer 4

carbonates, clays, feldspars

Question 5

XE

Answer 5

in development

Question 6

B

Answer 6

CSL work product, area specific

Question 7

J

Answer 7

Frac chemicals

Question 8

fresh water FR

Answer 8

J627, J626

Question 9

Mid range salinity FR

Answer 9

B145, J568

Question 10

High Salinity FR

Answer 10

J609

Question 11

Scaling cations

Answer 11

mg, ca, ba

Question 12

scaling anions

Answer 12

so4, cl, co3

Question 13

chelating agent

Answer 13

sequesters Fe, J450

Question 14

what determines FR used

Answer 14

TDS

Question 15

Quick add QAQC

Answer 15

ph, SG, visc

Question 16

Common gelling agents

Answer 16

J580, J594, B306

Question 17

Biocides

Answer 17

B244, M275, M290

Question 18

Live b325)reakers

Answer 18

J218 (125-175F), J481 (250-325), J134L (100-125)

Question 19

EB Breakers

Answer 19

J475 (125-185), J569 (175-250), J490 (250-325)

Question 20

what do clay stabilizers do?

Answer 20

prevent swelling and migration of clays

Question 21

Temporary clay stabilizers

Answer 21

L071, L068, M117

Question 22

Perm clay stabilizers

Answer 22

L055, L042

Question 23

surfactants

Answer 23

effect wettability, decrease surface tension

codes: F108, F112, B392

Question 24

filter cake

Answer 24

development of polymer cake that reduces the volume of fluid being lost to formation

Question 25

biocide that has no effect on enzymes

Answer 25

M275

Question 26

problems with bacteria

Answer 26

change ph, increase hydration time, lower visc, consumes guar. scale formation

Question 27

APB

Answer 27

acid producing bacteria-produce acid, corrode equip

Question 28

GHB

Answer 28

General heterophobic bacteria-consumes organic carbon

Question 29

SRB

Answer 29

Sulfate reducing bacteria-metabilises sulfate to produce h2s

Question 30

bactiquant instructions

Answer 30

``` calibrate 20 ml sample thru filter 2.5 ml substrate thru filter wait 20 mins rinse filter w developer 3 x into cuvette record value ```

Question 31

BQ value greater than 24000

Answer 31

less sample for less time

Question 32

newtonian fluids

Answer 32

shear stress proportional to shear rate

Question 33

power law

Answer 33

most acc for frac | t=k'yn'

Question 34

n'

Answer 34

behavior index, descibes degree of deviation from newtonian fluid n'=1 newtonian fluid n'>1=dilitant fluid vics inc with inc shear rate n'<1=psuedoplastic visc dec with inc shear rate

Question 35

cP equation

Answer 35

300x(dial reading/rpm)

Question 36

classes of proppant

Answer 36

``` sand 6000 resin coated prop 8000 lightweight 8000 inter strength 10000 high strength15000 ```

Question 37

roundness

Answer 37

measure of the smoothness of the edges

Question 38

sphericity

Answer 38

measue of how much grain shape resembles a sphere

Question 39

proppant std

Answer 39

ISO 13503-2 / API RD 19C

Question 40

propp size we want for prop pack?

Answer 40

uniform size to allow for channels.. tested by sieve

Question 41

acid solubility

Answer 41

undesirable contaminants present in the sand

Question 42

S012

Answer 42

meets ISO/API for size

Question 43

B361

Answer 43

meets api except acid solubility

Question 44

B500

Answer 44

fails iso/api

Question 45

S100

Answer 45

100 mesh non iso/api

Question 46

cf=k x w

Answer 46

frac conductivity=prop perm x frac width

Question 47

what is imp about cond and prop

Answer 47

conductivity is the only true method to determine prop performance

Question 48

chelation

Answer 48

describes a particular way that ions and molecules bind metal ions

Question 49

borate XL

Answer 49

forms weak bonds that break and can reheal. high ph will delay the XL

Question 50

metallix xl

Answer 50

form strong bonds. links to not heal-irreversible

Question 51

YF100Flex

Answer 51

non-delayed temp range-100-225 tolerant to salts

Question 52

YF100FlexD

Answer 52

Delayed fluid temp range-175-300 xl ph - 6-8

Question 53

Delay mech of flex d

Answer 53

ulexite dissolves slowly @ high ph and dissolves quickly at low ph J511 can be used

Question 54

when would you want to use foam

Answer 54

to get good FL, water sensitive zones less room for prop

Question 55

shear rates for api

Answer 55

n' k'

Question 56

J638 and FR

Answer 56

can be combined due to charge diff that cause sludge like material

Question 57

HiWay

Answer 57

BHST<300 | optimized conductivity, rapid clean up, decreased chance of screenout

Question 58

CST

Answer 58

indication of filter cake permeability | high cst value means low permeability

Question 59

what breaker types cannot be mixed together

Answer 59

bromates, persulfonates

Question 60

matrix stim pumped....

Answer 60

below fracture gradient

Question 61

low temp breaker

Answer 61

J218 J475

Question 62

mid temp breaker

Answer 62

J569 EB

Question 63

high temp breaker

Answer 63

J481 live, J490 EB

Question 64

Delay mech 500lph

Answer 64

temp

Question 65

delay mech flex d

Answer 65

time

Question 66

delay mech 300lph

Answer 66

time

Question 67

what do high levels of Fe in frac fluids cause

Answer 67

catalyze breakers

Question 68

cl indicator

Answer 68

potassium chromate - silver nitrate

Question 69

adv of low ph system

Answer 69

prevents scale of ca and mg hydroxidea by keeping them in solution

Question 70

what so breaker do

Answer 70

increase prop pack permeability

Question 71

mech affecting EB release

Answer 71

Time temp crush hydrostatic release

Question 72

Thermafrac specs

Answer 72

ph range 9.8 to 10.5 temp range 200-375 combines borate and zirc xl for shear tolerance and higher temp application

Question 73

benefit of VES system

Answer 73

higher retained conductivity

Question 74

Guar adds

Answer 74

J580 | J457

Question 75

Hpg add

Answer 75

J456

Question 76

Cmhpg add

Answer 76

J487