section 1 Flashcards
(43 cards)
what was the intense rivalry between the Soviet Union and the US?
the Cold War
what did the US and the Soviet Union do instead of clash directly in battle?
they competed for power around the world
how many years did the Cold War last?
nearly 50 years
why did the soviets distrust the western powers?
2 things
- ) they feared that the US would attack the Soviet Union
2. ) they feared that the US would rebuild Germany to challenge the Soviet Union
why did the US and Britain distrust the Soviet Union?
3 things
- ) communist rejection of religion
- ) rejection of private property
- ) Soviet boasts that communism would soon destroy the free enterprise system
what countries became satellite nations of the Soviet Union?
every eastern European nation except Yugoslavia
what was a satellite nation?
nations that are dominated politically and economically by a more powerful nation
what did Churchill say was descending across the continent?
an “iron curtain”
what was the “iron curtain?”
soviet expansion
what did the “iron curtain” cut off?
Eastern Europe from the democratic governments of the west
what increased when communist parties achieved some success in other parts of Europe?
western fears of communism
what promise did Stalin make?
did he keep it?
to hold free elections in Eastern European countries occupied by soviet troops during the war.
nooooooo.
what policy was used when President Truman was determined to keep soviet influence within existing boundaries?
containment
what did Turkey and Greece do when Truman asked for large amounts of military and economic aid for them?
held off communism
What was Truman’s program to encourage nations to resist communist expansion?
Truman Doctrine
what did Secretary of State George Marshall fear when he saw the devastation of Europe?
he feared the such terrible conditions might encourage communist revolutions.
what did the Marshall Plan provide to Western European countries?
$12 billion in aid
what did the Marshall Plan reduce?
the threat of communist revolutions
what zones did the allies divide Germany into after the war?
American, British, French, and Soviet
what country was deep in the soviet zone and was divided among the four allies?
Berlin
who wanted to reunite their zones?
the US, Britain, and France
why did Stalin oppose of the plan to reunite the US, Britain, and France?
he saw it as a threat to the Soviet Union
how did Stalin show his determination to keep Western Germany from reuniting?
he closed all roads, railroads, and river routes between Berlin and west Germany
what happened during the Berlin airlift? how long did it last?
hundreds of American and British planes carried tons of supplies to West Berliners every day. it lasted almost a year.
