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.๐’œ๐’ฒ๐’ฎ ๐’ž๐‘’๐“‡๐“‰๐’พ๐’ป๐’พ๐‘’๐’น ๐’Ÿ๐‘’๐“‹๐‘’๐“๐‘œ๐“…๐‘’๐“‡ > Section 13: AWS Serverless: Lambda > Flashcards

Section 13: AWS Serverless: Lambda Flashcards

1
Q

What is serverless?

A

A new paradigm in which the developers donโ€™t have to manage servers anymore

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2
Q

What do developers deploy when working in a serverless environment?

A

Just code (functions)

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3
Q

Does serverless mean that there are no servers?

A

No, it just means that you donโ€™t have to manage/provision/see them

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4
Q

Are AWS SNS & SQS considered serverless services?

A

Yes!

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5
Q

Is AWS EB considered a serverless service?

A

No!

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6
Q

What AWS service helps with authentication and authorization?

A

Cognito

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7
Q

What serverless AWS service helps with real time big data analysis?

A

Kinesis

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8
Q

What is the pricing model of AWS Lambda?

A

You pay per request and compute time

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9
Q

What does the free tier of AWS Lambda include?

A

1,000,000 requests

400,000 GBs of compute time

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10
Q

What services allows easy monitoring of AWS Lambda functions?

A

CloudWatch

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11
Q

How much RAM do AWS Lambda have by default?

A

128 MB

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12
Q

How much RAM can AWS Lambda have at max?

A

3 GB

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13
Q

How can you improve the CPU and network capacity of your Lambda functions?

A

By increasing the RAM (CPU and network will improve as a side effect)

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14
Q

Can Lambda integrate with API Gateway?

A

Yes

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15
Q

Can Lambda integrate with AWS IoT?

A

Yes

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16
Q

Can Lambda integrate with most AWS services?

A

Yes

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17
Q

How can you create serverless cron jobs in AWS?

A

Setting a CloudWatch event to trigger a Lambda function

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18
Q

How much $ is 1,000,000 requests in AWS Lambda beyond the free tier?

A

0.20$

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19
Q

In what increments is function execution compute time billed?

A

In increments of 100ms

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20
Q

What does GBs mean?

A

GB-seconds

Length of time you can have functions running at 1 GB ram

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21
Q

You have 100 GBs

How many seconds do you have if your functions are running at 1 GB of ram?

A

100 seconds

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22
Q

You have 100 GBs

How many seconds do you have if your functions are running at 512 MB of ram?

A

200 seconds

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23
Q

You have 100 GBs

How many seconds do you have if your functions are running at 128 MB of ram?

A

800 seconds

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24
Q

What is the default timeout of Lambda functions?

A

3 seconds

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25
What is the maximum timeout of Lambda functions?
15 minutes
26
How many seconds are in 15 minutes?
900 seconds
27
What must you make sure of when interacting with other AWS resources from your Lambda function in order for your function to run properly?
Make sure that the right IAM policies (permissions) are attached to the function service Role
28
Can you deploy your functions in a VPC? If so, what impact will it have on the function?
Yes, but it will increase the initialization time
29
Can you set environment variables for your Lambda functions?
Yes
30
How many functions can you have running at the same time within an AWS account?
Up to 1000 per region
31
What can you do if you need more than a 1000 functions to run at the same time?
Open ticket with the AWS support
32
How can you "reserve" concurrency for a specefic function?
By setting the amount of "reserved concurrency" at the function level
33
What will each invocation over the concurrency limit trigger?
A "throttle"
34
What is throttle behaviour of a synchronous invocation?
Return a ThrottleError - 429
35
What is throttle behaviour of an asynchronous invocation?
Retry automatically and go to DLQ
36
How many times will a function asynchronous invocation be retried if it fails?
Two times
37
After a function asynchronous invocation fails twice, where do unprocessed events go?
To the specified DLQ
38
What is the payload of the event that goes to the DLQ from a failed Lambda function invocation?
Original payload
39
What can a Lambda function DLQ be?
SNS topic | SQS queue
40
What might be the reason if a Lambda function does not send failed invocations to a specified DLQ?
It does not have the right IAM permissions
41
How does CloudWatch help with monitoring and logging of AWS Lambda functions?
You get metrics in CloudWatch Metrics | You get log groups and streams in CloudWatch Logs
42
What might be the reason if a Lambda function does not send logs to CloudWatch?
It does not have the right IAM permissions
43
How to run the X-Ray daemon when you want to use X-Ray to trace your Lambda functions invocations?
Simply enable it in the Lambda configuration
44
What might be the reasons (plural) if a Lambda function does not send traces to X-Ray?
It does not have the right IAM permissions | You have forgotten to use the AWS X-Ray SDK in your code
45
In what increments can you set the memory (RAM) of a Lambda function?
Increments of 64 MB
46
What should you use if you need to temporarily store files while running a Lambda function?
The /tmp directory of the function container
47
What is the disk capacity of the local storage in /tmp
512 MB
48
What is the function deployment size limit (compressed zip)
50MB
49
What is size limit of the uncompressed function code?
250MB
50
Where should dependencies be when uploading a function to Lambda?
Zipped with the code
51
What is the size limit of environment variables?
4 KB
52
Where should you upload your functions code when deploying Lambda with CloudFormation?
In S3
53
How can you tell CloudFormation where is your code for your function?
Refer to the S3 zip file location
54
What is the Lambda /tmp space used for?
If your Lambda function needs to download a big file to work | If your Lambda function needs disk space to perform operations
55
What happens to the content in the /tmp directory after a function finishes executing?
It will remain as long as the execution context is frozen
56
What can you use for permanent persistence of objects used/created by AWS Lambda functions?
S3
57
What happens to the execution context of a Lambda function after it is executed?
It is maintained for some time in anticipation of another Lambda function invocation
58
When working on a Lambda function, what version are you editing?
$LATEST
59
When you want to use a Lambda in production, what should you do?
Publish a version and create an alias (ex: "PROD") which points to that version
60
When updating a Lambda function in production, what can you do to test the new function and make sure it runs smoothly?
Distribute a % of the Lambda executions to the new version
61
Can you modify a Lambda function version which has been published?
No, they are immutable
62
What are common alias which are a good idea to set in Lambda functions?
dev test prod
63
What do Lambda function aliases point to?
Specific versions, either 100% traffic => single version Distributed traffic => different versions
64
Where should you perform heavy-duty work? | Connect to a DB, initialize AWS SDKs, pull in dependencies, etc.
Outside of your function handler
65
What is the function handler?
The handler is the method in your Lambda function that processes events
66
Should a Lambda function call itself?
No, you could get stuck in an infine loop and pay big $
67
What is Lambda@Edge?
Lambda functions which get executed in Edge locations
68
What are the two types requests/responses which Lambda@Edge allows you to modify?
ViewerRequest, OriginRequest, | OriginResponse, ViewerResponse
69
What are some use cases of Lambda@Edge?
``` Website Security and Privacy Dynamic Web Application at the Edge Search Engine Optimization (SEO) Intelligently Route Across Origins and Data Centers Bot Mitigation at the Edge Real-time Image Transformation A/B TestingUser Authentication and Authorization User Prioritization User Tracking and Analytics ```
70
In CloudWatch Lambda log groups, where are log streams coming from?
Lambda functions invocations
71
When changing/updating our lambda, what will be created in CloudWatch logs on the next execution?
A new log group for the new function version

.๐’œ๐’ฒ๐’ฎ ๐’ž๐‘’๐“‡๐“‰๐’พ๐’ป๐’พ๐‘’๐’น ๐’Ÿ๐‘’๐“‹๐‘’๐“๐‘œ๐“…๐‘’๐“‡ (26 decks)

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