section 2. (1) identify the form(s) in which substances are carried in mammalian blood Flashcards
1
Q
how is carbon dioxide carried in blood?
A
- Most is transported in the form of hydrogen carbonate/ bicarbonate ions in blood plasma (70%)
- Small amounts are attached to haemoglobin in the form of carbaminohemoglobin in red blood cells (23%)
- Some dissolved in plasma as CO¬2 (7%)
2
Q
how is oxygen carried in blood?
A
- Attached to haemoglobin as oxyhaemoglobin
* 1.5% dissolved in plasma
3
Q
how is water carried in blood?
A
• H2¬O molecules are the solvent of plasma
4
Q
how are salts carried in blood?
A
• In the form of ions (E.g: Cl¬¬- ions dissolved in plasma)
5
Q
how are lipids carried in blood?
A
- Enclosed in a package of proteins (lipoproteins)
- Form a structure called a chylomicrons if the lipids don’t break down
- Fatty acids and glycerol are the products of lipid breakdown
6
Q
how are nitrogenous wastes carried in blood?
A
- Produced as a result of protein breakdown
- Urea, uric acid and creatinine dissolved in plasma
- Ammonia is broken down straight away as it is toxic to humans
7
Q
how are products of digestion carried in blood?
A
- Includes: amino acids, sugars/glucose, vitamins
* Dissolved in plasma
