Section 2 People in Business

Question 1

MOTIVATION

Answer 1

The reason why employees want to work hard and work effectively for the business

Question 2

WAGE

Answer 2

Payment for work usually paid weekly

Question 3

TIME RATE

Answer 3

The amount paid to an employee for one hour of work

Question 4

PIECE RATE

Answer 4

An amount paid for each unit of output

Question 5

SALARY

Answer 5

Payment for work usually paid monthly

Question 6

BONUS

Answer 6

An additional amount of payment above basic pay as a reward for good work

Question 7

COMMISSION

Answer 7

A system whereby a proportion of the company’s profits is paid out to employees

Question 8

JOB SATISFACTION

Answer 8

The enjoyment derived from feeling that you have done a good job

Question 9

JOB ROTATION

Answer 9

Involves workers swapping and doing each specific task for only a limited time and then changing around again

Question 10

JOB ENRICHMENT

Answer 10

Involves looking at jobs and adding tasks that require more skill and/or responsibility

Question 11

TEAMWORKING

Answer 11

Involves using groups of workers and allocating specific tasks and responsibilities to them

Question 12

TRAINING

Answer 12

The process of improving a workers skills

Question 13

PROMOTION

Answer 13

The advancement of an employee in an organization

Question 14

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Answer 14

The levels of management and division of responsibilities within an organization

Question 15

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

Answer 15

A diagram that outlines the internal management structure

Question 16

HIERARCHY

Answer 16

The levels of management in any organization from the highest to the lowest

Question 17

LEVEL OF HIERARCHY

Answer 17

Managers/supervisors/other employees who are given a similar level of responsibility in an organization

Question 18

CHAIN OF COMMAND

Answer 18

The structure in an organization which allows instructions to be passed down from senior management to lower levels of management

Question 19

SPAN OF CONTROL

Answer 19

The number of subordinates working directly under a manager

Question 20

DIRECTORS

Answer 20

Senior managers who lead a particular department or division of a business

Question 21

LINE MANAGERS

Answer 21

People who have direct responsibility for people below them in the hierarchy of an organization

Question 22

SUPERVISORS

Answer 22

Junior managers who have direct control over the employees below them in the organizational structure

Question 23

STAFF MANAGERS

Answer 23

Specialists who provide support, information and assistance to the line managers

Question 24

DELEGATION

Answer 24

Giving a subordinate the authority to perform particular tasks

Question 25

LEADERSHIP STYLES

Answer 25

Different approaches to dealing with people and making decisions when in a position of authority

Question 26

AUTOCRATIC LEADERSHIP

Answer 26

Where the manager expects to be in charge of the business and to have their orders followed

Question 27

DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP

Answer 27

Gets other employees involved in the decision-making process

Question 28

LAISSEZ-FAIRE LEADERSHIP

Answer 28

Makes the broad objectives of the business known to employees, but then they are left to make their own decisions and organize their own work

Question 29

TRADE UNION

Answer 29

A group of employees who have joined together to ensure their interests are protected

Question 30

CLOSED SHOP

Answer 30

When all employees must be a member of the same trade union

Question 31

RECRUITMENT

Answer 31

The process from identifying that the business needs to employ someone up to the point at which applications have arrived at the business

Question 32

EMPLOYEE SELECTION

Answer 32

The process of evaluating candidates for a specific job and selecting an individual for employment based on the needs of the organization

Question 33

JOB ANALSYSIS

Answer 33

Identifies and records the responsibilities and tasks relating to a job

Question 34

JOB DESCRIPTION

Answer 34

Outlines the responsibilities and duties to be carried out by someone employed to do a specific job

Question 35

JOB SPECIFICATION

Answer 35

A document which outlines the requirements, qualifications, expertise, physical characteristics, etc., for a specified job

Question 36

INTERNAL RECRUITMENT

Answer 36

When a vacancy is filled by someone who is an existing employee of the business

Question 37

EXTERNAL RECRUITMENT

Answer 37

When a vacancy is filled by someone who is not an existing employee and will be new to the business

Question 38

PART-TIME

Answer 38

Employment often considered to be between 1 and 30-35 hours a week

Question 39

FULL-TIME

Answer 39

Employees will usually work 35 hours or more a week

Question 40

INDUCTION TRAINING

Answer 40

An introduction given to a new employee, explaining the business’s activities, customs and procedures and introducing them to their fellow workers

Question 41

ON-THE-JOB TRAINING

Answer 41

Watching a more experienced worker doing the job

Question 42

OFF-THE-JOB TRAINING

Answer 42

Involves being trained away from the workplace, usually by specialist trainers

Question 43

WORKFORCE PLANNING

Answer 43

Establishing the workforce need by the business for the foreseeable future in terms of the number and skills of employees required

Question 44

DISMISSAL

Answer 44

When employment is ended against the will of the employee, usually for not working in accordance with the employment contract

Question 45

REDUNDANCY

Answer 45

When an employee is no longer needed so loses their job. It is not due to any aspect of their work being unsatisfactory

Question 46

CONTRACT OF EMPLOYMENT

Answer 46

A legal agreement between an employer and employee, listing the rights and responsibilities of workers

Question 47

INDUSTRIAL TRIBUNAL

Answer 47

A type of law court that makes judgements on disagreements between companies and their employees

Question 48

ETHICAL DECISION

Answer 48

A decision taken by a manager or a company because of the moral code observed by the firm

Question 49

COMMUNICATION

Answer 49

The transferring of a message from the sender to the receiver who understands the message

Question 50

MESSAGE

Answer 50

Information or instructions being passed by the sender to the receiver

Question 51

INTERNAL COMMUNICATION

Answer 51

Communication between members of the same organization

Question 52

EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION

Answer 52

Communication between the organization and other organizations or individuals

Question 53

SENDER

Answer 53

The person starting off the process by sending the message

Question 54

MEDIUM OF COMMUNICATION

Answer 54

The method used to send a message

Question 55

RECEIVER

Answer 55

The person who receives the message

Question 56

FEEDBACK

Answer 56

The reply from the receiver which shows whether the message has arrived, been understood, and if necessary, acted upon

Question 57

ONE-WAY COMMUNICATION

Answer 57

A message which does not call for or require a response

Question 58

TWO-WAY COMMUNICATION

Answer 58

When the receiver gives a response to the message and their is a discussion about it

Question 59

FORMAL COMMUNICATION

Answer 59

When messages are sent through established channels using professional language

Question 60

INFORMAL COMMUNICATION

Answer 60

When information is sent and received casually using everyday language

Question 61

COMMUNICATION BARRIERS

Answer 61

Factors that stop effective communication of messages