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Leuk-Heme-ia > Section 21: A-(bunch of)-cutie Leukemias > Flashcards

Section 21: A-(bunch of)-cutie Leukemias Flashcards

1
Q

Male: RBC count, Hgb, & HCT Normal Ranges

A

RBC: 4.5 - 5.9 x 10^6 (△ 1.4)
Hgb: 13.5 - 17.5 x 10^3 (△ 4.0)
HCT: 41.0 - 53.0 (△12.0)

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2
Q

Female: RBC count, Hgb, & HCT Normal Ranges

A

RBC: 4.0 - 5.2 x 10^6 (△1.2)
Hgb: 12.0 - 16.0 x 10^3 (△4.0)
HCT: 36.0 - 46.0 (△10.0)

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3
Q

MCV, MCH, MCHC Normal Ranges

A

MCV: 80 - 96 (△20%)
MCH: 29 - 32 (△10%)
MCHC: 33.4 - 35.5 (△~5.0%)

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4
Q

WBC Normal Range

A

4.0 - 11.0 x 10^3

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5
Q

WBC Normal Range

A

4.0 - 11.0 x 10^3

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6
Q
A
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7
Q

Plt Normal Range

A

140,000 - 400,000

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8
Q

M0 Definition

A

Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia (AML) w/o cytological maturation or differentiation (cells committed but unable to tell which lineage)

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9
Q

M1 Definition

A

Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia (APL) w/o maturation (but can be differentiated)

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10
Q

M2 Definition

A

Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia (AML) w/ Maturation

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11
Q

M3 Definition

A

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL)

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12
Q

M3m Definition

A

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) - Microgranular Variant

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13
Q

M4 Definition

A

Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia (AMML)

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14
Q

M4e Definition

A

Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia (AMML) w/ Eosinophilia

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15
Q

M5a Definition

A

Acute Monoblastic Leukemia (AMoL), poorly differentiated

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16
Q

M5b Definition

A

Acute Monocytic Leukemia (AMoL), differentiated

17
Q

M6 Definition

A

Acute Erythroid Leukemia

18
Q

M7 Definition

A

Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia

19
Q

L1 Definition

A

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia - Small Lymphoblasts

20
Q

L2 Definition

A

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia - Larger Blasts w Reactive Appearance

21
Q

L3 Definition

A

Leukemic Conversion of Burkitt’s Lymphoma

22
Q

Characteristics of M0

A

Requires Flow Cytometry or other Immunophenotyping
Non-responsive to cytochemical stains
Poor Prognosis
NO Auer Rods

23
Q

Characteristics of M1

A

MPO (+), SPE (+), NSE (+/=)
4000 - 300,000 WBC
Auer Rods possible
Decreased Plts

24
Q

Characteristics of M2

A

MPO (+), SPE (+), NSE (+/=)
Maturation of Promyelo- stage and beyond
Auer Rods possible
May be a late “acute phase” or “blast crisis” of CML

25
Q

Characteristics of M3

A

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (AML w/ t(15;17))
MPO (+), SPE (+), NSE (+/=)
Frequent Auer rods, often multiple
Extremely Heavy Granulation
Decreased Plts
DIC complication - schistocytes common hallmark & can be made worse w treatment
Usually adults

BOTH M3 and M3m presentation simultaneously is possible, not exclusive.

26
Q

Characteristics of M3m

A

Same as M3 except:
Granules so small they can’t be seen normally
Abnormal nuclear shapes (H, N, or Venn Diagram)
May be mistaken for an AML or AMoL

27
Q

Characteristics of M4

A

Can demonstrate tissue infiltration of skin, gums, etc
May have Auer Rods
Blasts with both myelocytic and monocytic features
Decreased Plts

28
Q

Characteristics of M4e

A

Same as M4 but with marrow eosinophilia (abnormal and immature forms, may also be in peripheral)

29
Q

Characteristics of M5a

A

Monoblastic w/ poor differentiation
Decreased Plts
Infiltration of the skin, gums, meninges and other body tissues by malignant cells

30
Q

Characteristics of M5b

A

Same as M5a except
Monoctic lineage (blasts and abundance of promonos/monos)

31
Q

Characteristics of M6

A

Pure RBC precursors make up >80% marrow cellularity
No myeloid component, NO Auer Rods
Ringed Sideroblasts
Many nrbcs, bizarre rbc morphology. immature rbcs extremely abnormal
Marked erythroid hyperplasia
Possible abnormal megakaryo and plts
RBC indices afected by megaloblastic changes

32
Q

Characteristics of M7

A

Rarest AML
NO Auer Rods
50% of blasts in BM must be megakaryoblasts
Dysplastic features seen in all cell lines
Associated with myelofibrosis due to megaryo stim effect on fibroblasts
May cause dry tap

33
Q

General characteristics of ALLs

A

Disease of Children
Most common form is B-Cells
Can have 2nd peak mid life
WBC often greater than 100,000 but low or normal also possible
NO Auer Rods
Decreased Plts and granulocytes
CNS infiltration common

34
Q

Characteristics of L1

A

Small lymphoblasts
Most common form
Occ. clefting
Inconspicuous nucleoli
Scanty cytoplasm
Uniform Population - homogenous
TdT (+)

35
Q

Characteristics of L2

A

Large Lymphoblasts
Irregular nucleus
Often prominent nucleoli
Often moderately abundant cytoplasm
Cellular heterogeneity
TdT (+)

36
Q

Characteristics of L3

A

Leukemic conversion of Burkitt’s Lymphoma
Large blasts w punched out vacuoles
Very basophilic cytoplasm
“Starry Night” BM
TdT (=)

Leuk-Heme-ia (5 decks)

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