Section 3 - Plant Nutrition and Transport

Question 1

where does photosynthesis occur

Answer 1

in the leaves of all green plants, in the chloroplasts when the chlorophyll absorbs the sunlight

generally green parts of a plants

Question 2

photosynthesis symbol equation

Answer 2

6CO2 + 6H20 -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 3

photosynthesis word equation

Answer 3

carbon dioxide + water —-> glucose + oxygen

Question 4

why is photosynthesis necessary

Answer 4

because it converts light energy to chemical energy which is stored in glucose and released when glucose is broken down in respiration

Question 5

leaf structure in order

Answer 5

waxy cuticle
upper epidermis
palaside mesophyll layer
spongy messophyll layer/ vascular bundle
lower epidermis
waxy cuticle

Question 6

how are leaves adapted

Answer 6

1) broad, large surface area exposed to light
2) chloroplasts in palisade layer, so they’re near the top to get the most light
3) upper epidermis is transparent so light can get through to the palisade layer
4) leaves have a network of vascular bundles (transport phloem and xylem vessels) that deliver water and nutrients and take away the glucose produced. They also help support the leaf
5) waxy cuticle helps reduce water loss by evaporation
6) the adaptation of leaves for gas exchange make photosynthesis more efficient, eg. stomata holes let CO2 diffue directly into leaf

Question 7

what is a limiting factor of photosynthesis

Answer 7

a factor that stops photosynthesis from happening any faster (light intensity, CO2 and temperature) they depend on the environmental conditions (eg in winter the limiting factor is temp)

Question 8

plants and their need for minerals

Answer 8

plants need certain elements so they can produce important compounds. they get this from mineral ions in the soil.
if there aren’t enough of these mineral ions in the soil plants suffer deficiency symptoms

Question 9

The three main mineral ions for plants

Answer 9

nitrates
phosphates
potassium
+ magnesium

Question 10

Nitrates and plants

Answer 10

1) contain nitrogen for making amino acids and proteins and are needed for cell growth
2) if a plant doesn’t get enough it will be stunted and older leaves will turn yellow

Question 11

phosphates and plants

Answer 11

contain phosphorus for making DNA and cell membranes and are needed for respiration and growth
3) if a plant doesn’t get enough it will have poor root growth and older leaves will turn purple

Question 12

potassium and plants

Answer 12

1) to help enzymes needed for photosynthesis and respiration. 2) if there is not enough potassium in the soil then plants have poor flower and fruit growth and discoloured leaves

Question 13

magnesium and plants

Answer 13

also needed in small amounts

1) to make chlorophyll (needed for photosynthesis)
2) plants without enough magnesium have yellow leaves

Question 14

unicellular transport system

Answer 14

there is no need for a transport system as the substances diffuse into and out of the cell across the cell membrane

Question 15

Plants two main transport systems

Answer 15

both go to every part of the plant and are totally separate
1) xylem
2)pholem

Question 16

xylem tubes

Answer 16

transport water and mineral salts from the roots up the shoot to the leaves in the transpiration stream

Question 17

phloem tubes

Answer 17

transport food

1) transport sugars like sucrose and amino acids from where they are made in the leaves to other parts of the plant
2) this movement of food substances around the plant is called translocation