Section 3: Reproduction and inhertiance

Question 1

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 1

Involves two parents, which have sex organs with sex cells or gametes.
It is the production of offspring from two parents using gametes.
The offspring of sexual reproduction are genetically quite different to their parents
Humans and most animals reproduce sexually

Question 2

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 2

There is only one parent, the new individual is genetically identical to its parent.
Organisms can reproduce asexually in different ways. Plants mainly reproduce asexually, however can produce sexually as well.

Question 3

What are the different ways organisms reproduce in?

Answer 3

1. Some very small organisms can simply divide into two. Eg: Bacteria.
2. Some organisms can reproduce by ‘budding’. A part of their body breaks off and grows into a new organism.
   Eg: some flowering plants.

Question 4

What are the sexual reproductive organs of plants?

Answer 4

Flowers

Question 5

What is Pollination?

Answer 5

The transfer of male cells (pollen grains) to the female cells (ova)

• by insects
• by wind

Question 6

What is the transfer of male cells (pollen grains) to the female cells (ova) by insects and wind called?

Answer 6

Pollination

Question 7

What is it called if pollination happens within the same flower?

Answer 7

Self Pollination

Question 8

What is it called when pollination happens between different flowers?

Answer 8

Cross Pollination

Question 9

What is self pollination?

Answer 9

When pollination happens within the same flower

Question 10

What is cross pollination?

Answer 10

When pollination happens between different flowers

Question 11

How does Seed and Fruit Development happen?

Answer 11

• After fertilization, the petals and sepals fall off the flower.
• Ovary ‘ripens’ into fruit
• The ovule develops into a seed

Question 12

What are the ways in which seeds are dispersed?

Answer 12

• Wind
• Explosion
• Water
• Animals
• Scatter
• Birds