Section 6 - Groups in the Periodic Table - Groups 1, 7, 0 and halogen displacement Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Section 6 - Groups in the Periodic Table - Groups 1, 7, 0 and halogen displacement Deck (23)
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1
Q

Order of all group 1 metals from least to most shells? What are they known as?

A

Alkali metals

Lithium ==> Sodium ==> Potassium ==> Rubidium ==> Caesium ==> Francium

2
Q

2 physical properties of group 1 metals?

A

Low melting and boiling points (compared with other metals) and very soft (can be cut with knife)

3
Q

As you go down group 1, how do the elements get more reactive?

A

Outer electron is more easily lost as it’s further from nucleus so it’s less strongly attracted to nucleus and less energy needed to remove it

4
Q

What is produced when an alkali metal reacts with water?

A

Alkali metal + water –> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

5
Q

What will you see when potassium reacts with water?

A

Fizzing, it will ignite and move around surface

6
Q

What happens to melting points and density as you go down group 1?

A

Melting points decrease and density increases

7
Q

What are group 7 elements know as?

A

The Halogens

8
Q

Order of all group 7 elements from least to most shells?

A

Fluorine ==> Chlorine ==> Bromine ==> Iodine ==> Astatine

9
Q

What type of molecules do the halogens exist as?

A

Diatomic molecules (e.g. Cl2, Br2, I2)

10
Q

What happens to melting points and density as you go down group 7?

A

Both increase

11
Q

Colour of chlorine, bromine and iodine and state? Poisonous?

A

Cl - Green gas, poisonous
Br - Red-brown liquid which gives off an orange vapour, poisonous
I - Dark grey crystalline solid which gives off a purple vapour when heated

12
Q

How can you test for chlorine gas?

A

Collect gas in test tube and hold piece of damp blue litmus paper over it. If litmus paper turns red, then bleaches white, chlorine is present

13
Q

Why does reactivity decrease as you go down group 7?

A

It gets harder to attract the extra electron to fill outer shell when shell is further away from nucleus so it’s less attracted to nucleus and needs more energy

14
Q

What do halogens form when they react with some metals or hydrogen?

A

With metal - salts called metal halides

With hydrogen - Hydrogen halides

15
Q

What is a displacement reaction?

A

Where a more reactive element ‘pushes out’ (displaces) a less reactive element from a compound

16
Q

What kind of reactions are halogen displacement reactions?

A

Redox reaction. Halogens gain electrons (reduction) whilst halide ions lose electrons (oxidation)

17
Q

What are group 0 element known as?

A

Noble gases

18
Q

4 features of group 0 elements?

A

Colourless, monatomic, inert, non-flammable

19
Q

Why is argon used in filament lamps?

A

It’s non-flammable so stops hot filament from burning away

20
Q

Why are argon and helium used to protect metals that are being welded?

A

Inert atmosphere stops hot metal reacting with oxygen

21
Q

Why is helium used in airships and party balloons?

A

Has a lower density than air so floats object. Also non-flammable so safer to use than hydrogen gas

22
Q

What happens to melting and boiling points and density as you go down group 0?

A

Both increase

23
Q

Order of group 0 elements from least to most shells?

A

Helium ==> Neon ==> Argon ==> Krypton ==> Xenon ==> Radon