Section 7: Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Flashcards
(98 cards)
1
Q
Thermal comfort includes which three elements?
A
- Temperature
- Humidity
- Air movement
2
Q
List concerns with isolated indoor smoking areas
A
- Increased energy for ventilation
- Additional material use
- Complicating the ventilation system
3
Q
ASHRAE 55-2004 standard relates to what?
A
Thermal comfort
4
Q
Which space refers to rooms used by maintenance people that are not accessible by regular occupants?
A
Non-occupied space
5
Q
What is the best standard to follow when performing a blower door test?
A
ASTM E779-03
6
Q
Which industry standard is aimed at ventilation for acceptable indoor air quality?
A
ASHRAE Standard 62
7
Q
What is the highest MERV rating?
A
16
8
Q
To bring in more daylight into a large area, private offices should be located where?
A
Toward the building core
9
Q
What does a blower door test do?
A
Measures the air tightness of buildings
10
Q
List three examples of gas-powered equipment
A
- Maintenance equipment and vehicles
- Landscape equipment
- Clearning equipment
11
Q
What are VOC’s?
A
Substances that vaporize at room temperature and can cause health problems
12
Q
In order to meet the requirements of increased ventilation, ventilation must be increased by what percent above the applicable baseline standard?
A
30%
13
Q
Which space refers to areas where people gather such as conference rooms and classrooms?
A
Multi occupied space
14
Q
Architectural paints and coatings applied within the vapour barrier must comply with which standard?
A
Green Seal Standard GS-11
15
Q
What is the proper location for CO2 sensors in a building?
A
Between 3 and 6 feet high mounted on a wall
16
Q
What is radon?
A
Radon is a cancer-causing natural radioactive gas that you can’t see, smell, or taste
17
Q
The portion of exterior windows above 30 inches and below 90 inches that permits a view to the outside is known as what?
A
Vision glazing
18
Q
List some benefits of reducing indoor air contaminants
A
- Improved comfort levels
- Lower absenteeism
- Increased productivity
19
Q
List nine strategies for improving indoor air quality during operations and maintenance
A
- Ensure adequate ventilation
- Monitor outdoor airflow
- Monitor carbon dioxide
- Calibrate sensors
- Prohibit smoking
- Develop and implement a green cleaning policy
- Conduct custodial effectiveness assessment
- Use entryway systems
9 Use integrated pest management
20
Q
Name seven strategies for improving occupant’s comfort and control
A
- Use daylighting
- Install operable windows
- Give occupants temperature and ventilation control
- Give occupants lighting control
- Conduct occupant surveys
- Provide ergonomic furniture
- Include appropriate acoustic design
21
Q
A ventilation system that can automatically adjust air circulation volume based on the number of occupants in the space is known as what?
A
Demand control ventilation
22
Q
The following are examples of what?
- Vinyl
- Linoleum
- Laminate flooring
- Wood flooring
- Rubber flooring
- Wall base
A
Hard surface flooring
23
Q
Define mechanical ventilation
A
Mechanical ventilation, or active ventilation, is provided by mechanical powered equipment, such as motor driven fans or blowers
24
Q
What can be conducted to measure the air tightness of buildings?
A
Blower door test
25
Occupant experiences consists of which four areas?
- Thermal comfort
- Lighting and views
- Acoustics
- Ergonomics
26
List five environmentally negative aspects of construction that can be avoided with building reuse strategies
- Demolition Process
- Construction Waste
- Raw Material Extraction
- Manufacturing
- Transportation
27
What does IAQ stand for?
Indoor air quality
28
Define vision glazing
Vision glazing is that portion of exterior windows above 30 inches and below 90 inches that permits a view to the outside
29
The portion of exterior windows above 30 inches and below 90 inches that permits a view to the outside is known as what?
Vision glazing
30
What is described below?
- Utilise interior mirrors to reflect light down and inward
- Less heat transfer than skylight
- Resembles light fixtures
Sun tubes
31
What does the I-BEAM tool provide?
The I-BEAM provides sample forms and logs for fielding and recording complaints about IAQ
32
Ambient CO2 levels indicate the performance of what?
The ventilation system
33
Define Sick Building Syndrome (SBS)
Health and comfort effects linked to time spent in a building, but where no specific illness or cause can be identified
34
Why is the decomposition of solid waste in landfills a problem?
It releases methane, a greenhouse gas
35
During the building flush-out, what other kind of work can be done?
Commissioning
36
Within LEED, CIBSE standards look at what?
Indoor Air Quality
37
What is a bake-out?
Using heat to release VOC's from the building before human occupancy
38
Define return air
Return air is air removed from a space then be recirculated or exhausted
39
Which space refers to where people work or live?
Regular occupied space
40
In the United States, what is the largest source of mercury air emissions?
Coal-fired electricity plants
41
Give three examples of where in a building could natural ventilation be received?
- Windows
- Doors
- Exterior wall openings
42
American's approximately spend what percentage of their time indoors?
90%
43
List six examples of ongoing consumables
- Paper
- Toner
- Cartridges
- Binders
- Batteries
- Desk accessories
44
Health and comfort effects linked to time spent in a building, but where no specific illness or cause can be identified is known as what?
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS)
45
List the two contaminants that are measured when performing Indoor Air Quality testing prior to occupancy?
- Formaldehyde
| - Carbon monoxide
46
What is outdoor air as referenced in LEED?
Outdoor air is the ambient air that enters a building system, either through natural ventilation or infiltration
47
MERV is linked to which standard?
ASHRAE 52.2-1999
48
What does MERV filters stand for?
Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value filters
49
In LEED, what does SCAQMD standards look at?
Indoor Air Quality
50
What is off-gassing?
The emission of volatile organic compounds from synthetic and natural product
51
What does a demand control ventilation largely respond to?
Carbon dioxide concentrations
52
High concentrations of CO2 mean what?
- Ventilation is not functioning properly
| - Air is not healthy to breath
53
List the three standards that a building engineer should be familiar with when balancing an air flow to offices and large conference rooms
- ASHRAE 62.1
- ASHRAE 55
- ASHRAE 52.1
54
The emission of volatile organic compounds from synthetic and natural products is known as what?
Off-gassing
55
ASHRAE 52.2-1999 standard relates to what?
Indoor Air Quality.
Method of testing general ventilation air-cleaning devices for removal efficiency by particle size
56
What does VOC stand for?
Volatile organic compounds
57
How far away should any smoking be from the building entrance?
25 foot
58
Which standards refers to air filtration (MERV rating)?
ASHRAE Standard 52.2-1999
59
The percentage of recycled or salvaged materials should be calculated by one of which two methods?
- Weight
| - Volume
60
Define infiltration
Infiltration is uncontrolled inward air leakage to conditioned spaces through unintentional opening in ceilings, floors, and walls or the outdoors caused by the same pressure differences that induce exfiltration
61
What are the three types of ventilation systems?
- Passive or natural ventilation
- Active or mechanical ventilation
- Mixed ventilation
62
What does the SMACNA guidelines address?
Air quality
63
What is fly ash?
Fly ash is the solid residue derived from incineration processes
64
Which standard should be followed for indoor air quality during construction, as it relates to LEED?
Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning National Contractors Association (SMACNA)
65
Industry standards ASHRAE Standard 62 is aimed at what?
Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality
66
What can allow air flow to be automatically increased if concentration exceeds a setpoint?
Demmand-controlled ventilation
67
The most effective method to improve indoor air quality is to keep what out of breathing zones?
Contaminants
68
Interior illumination / exterior illumination = ?
Glazing factor
69
Name three strategies for improving indoor air quality during construction
1. Keep building clean during construction
2. Protect materials and equipment
3. Conduct a flush-out
70
List three opportunities to reduce overall operating costs through a sustainable purchasing policy
- Reduce energy, water, and fuel expenditures
- Easier compliance with environmental, health and safety regulations
- Lower waste management fees
71
What would modulating photoelectric daylight sensors do?
Increase building energy efficiency
72
What is an alternative to the prescriptive flush-out?
Air Quality Testing
73
How does natural ventilation achieve heat transfer and air movement?
Natural ventilation uses the building layout, fabric, and form to achieve heat transfer and air movement
74
What feature provides a connection to the outdoors and improves occupant comfort and productivity?
Views
75
Define non-occupied space
Non-Occupied space refers to rooms used by maintenance people that are not accessible by regular occupants
76
Name six strategies during design for good indoor air quality
1. Prohibit smoking
2. Design for proper ventilation
3. Protect air that comes into the building
4. Test for radon or other on-site contaminants
5. Design for entryway systems
6. Specify low-emitting materials
77
The type of resin that cannot be contained in composite panels and agribifer products is known as what?
Urea-formaldehyde
78
What are the three governing bodies with which flooring materials in newly renovated areas and additions must comply?
- FloorSore
- SCAQMS
- Green Seal
79
Systems of diagnosable illnesses attracted directly to airborne building contaminants (such as asthma, aggravated allergies, etc) is known as what?
Building Related Illness (BRI)
80
Define multi occupied space
Multi occupied space refers to areas where people gather, e.g. conference rooms or classrooms
81
Air that is removed from a space then be recirculated or exhausted is known as what?
Return air
82
Define regular occupied space
Regular occupied space refers to where people work or live
83
What is the target for the overall average of mercury content in lamps?
90 picograms average per lumen-hour
84
List the two flush-out options for the indoor environmental quality management plan
- Large flush
| - Small flush (continued flushing/ventilation)
85
Air filters are rated by what system?
MERV (minimum efficiency reporting value)
86
Define Building Related Illness (BRI)
Systems of diagnosable illnesses attracted directly to airborne building contaminants (such as asthma, aggravated allergies
87
What does CIBSE stand for?
Charterred Institute of Building Service Engineers
88
Green buildings tend to require a MERV rating of what?
8
89
For Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), LEED focus on which four issue?
1. Indoor air quality
2. Lighting
3. Acoustics
4. Occupant experience
90
Define reverberation
Reverberation is an acoustic phenomenon that occurs when sound persists in an enclosed space because of its repeated reflection or scattering upon the enclosing surfaces within the space
91
What does SCAQMD stand for?
South Coast Air Quality Management District
92
List seven examples of base building elements
- Building components and structures
- Panels
- Attached finishings
- Carpet and other flooring materials
- Adhesives
- Sealants
- Paints and coatings
93
Which metric is used to measure VOCs?
Grams per liter (g/L)
94
Conditions for thermal comfort are described by which standard?
ASHRAE 55-2004
95
Define the breathing zone in terms of indoor environmental quality
Breathing zone is in the region within an occupied space between 3 and 6 feet above the floor
96
What does Green Seal Standard look at?
VOC's in materials
97
To bring in more daylight into a large area, cubicles should be located where?
At the perimeter
98
What are the most prominent compounds that have a negative impact on indoor air quality and the earths atmosphere?
Volitle Organic Compounds (VOCs)
