Section 8

Question 1

When genetic material moves from one cell to the next

Answer 1

transformation

Question 2

When a virus infects the bacteria

Answer 2

bacteriophage

Question 3

DNA Base that has nitrogen and carbon

Answer 3

nitrogenous base

Question 4

Two nitrogenous bases that are connected by hydrogen bonds

Answer 4

complementary base pair

Question 5

Y-shaped area where helicase separates DNA

Answer 5

replication fork

Question 6

Makes new DNA molecule with one old and one new strand

Answer 6

semi-conservative replication

Question 7

Process in which cells make protein

Answer 7

protein synthesis

Question 8

A polymer consisting of a specific sequence of amino acids

Answer 8

protein

Question 9

23rd pair of chromosomes that determine the sex

Answer 9

sex chromosome

Question 10

1st 22 pairs of chromosomes that don’t influence the sex

Answer 10

autosome

Question 11

Occurs in gametes and can be inherited

Answer 11

germ-cell mutation

Question 12

Occurs in single body cells and cannot be inherited

Answer 12

somatic-cell mutation

Question 13

Permanent alteration in the DNA sequence

Answer 13

gene mutation

Question 14

Affects part/all of a chromosome and is usually caused by an error in meiosis

Answer 14

chromosomal mutation

Question 15

Extra base pair is inserted into a new place in the DNA

Answer 15

insertion

Question 16

A section of DNA is lost

Answer 16

deletion

Question 17

Alters only one amino acid

Answer 17

substitution

Question 18

Changes reading of subsequent codons and alter the entire amino acid sequence

Answer 18

frameshift mutation

Question 19

Monomers that bond together to form proteins

Answer 19

amino acids

Question 20

Protein synthesis occurs at the ___

Answer 20

ribosome

Question 21

The function of DNA helicase is to ___ and ___

Answer 21

unwind, unzip

Question 22

The function of DNA Polymerase is to ___

Answer 22

make new base pairs

Question 23

DNA Polymerase reads from the __ end of the molecule to the __ end

Answer 23

3¹, 5¹

Question 24

During DNA Replication, newly formed DNA is built starting at the __ end and moving towards the __ end

Answer 24

5¹, 3¹

Question 25

The leading strand of DNA goes __ the replication fork and the lagging strand goes __ the replication fork

Answer 25

towards, away from

Question 26

DNA's instructions get copied into a strand of mRNA

Answer 26

transcription

Question 27

Converts mRNA sequence into a polypeptide

Answer 27

translation

Question 28

A sequence of 3 nucleotides that code for an amino acid

Answer 28

codon

Question 29

Change in an organism's DNA

Answer 29

mutation

Question 30

Results from the exchange of DNA segments between non-homologous chromosomes

Answer 30

translocation

Question 31

Finds transforming principle

Answer 31

Frederick Griffith

Question 32

Identified DNA as the transforming principle

Answer 32

Oswald Avery

Question 33

Confirmed DNA is the genetic hereditary material

Answer 33

Hershey and Chase

Question 34

Discovers A=T and C=G

Answer 34

Erwin Chargaff

Question 35

Sent photo 51 to Watson and Crick

Answer 35

Maurice Wilkins

Question 36

Took photo 51

Answer 36

Rosalind Franklin

Question 37

Used photo 51 to create DNA model

Answer 37

Watson and Crick