SECTION A Flashcards
(48 cards)
Definition of Values;
Values are accepted moral principles, ideas, beliefs, and standard code of behavior which the society upholds and pass from one generation to another.
Values are standard criteria which determine how the people of a society, nation or state think and relate with one another.
IDENTIFY 5 VALUES OF CIVIC EDUCATION
Honesty
integrity
contentment
truthfulness
justice
probity
fairness
Godliness
Courage
Loyalty Selflessness
Rule of law
- Patriotism
Importance of values:
i. Values bring about happiness and contentment
ii. Values guide human behaviour
iii. Values promote positive relationship among people
iv. Values give good purpose and direction to our lives, both in the family and in the society
v. Values help us to resist pressure to conform to other people’s values and behaviour which may not be good norms
vi. Values ultimately promote development in the society
vii. Values encourage tolerance and relationship among people in the society
viii. Values promote unity, harmony and cooperation in the society
ix. Values modify attitudes and feelings towards other people and make people more friendly
x. Values act as criteria or measures for the judgment of the actions of individuals in society
(a) State four significance of contentment in the Nigerian society.
i. It discourages embezzlement of funds
ii. It discourages corrupt practices/fraudulent activities
iii. It reduces the feeling of inferiority complex/promotes self confidence.
iv. It engenders peace and development in the society
v. It leads to self-reliance and respect for others
vi. It eliminates envy and jealousy in the society
vii. It reduces conflicts among individuals and groups in the society.
viii. It promotes dignity of labour/hard work/service orientation
ix. It promotes human dignity
x. It discourages crimes in the society
(b) Mention three negative effects of lack of contentment on the society.
i. It breeds corrupt practice/ fraudulent activities such as cyber crime, advance free fraud/419.
ii. It leads to greed and avarice.
iii. It results in jealousy/dishonesty/wickedness
iv. It promotes crimes such as robbery/piracy/kidnappings, hostage taking.
v. It leads to disunity/conflicts
vi. It leads to false living/materialism
vii. It breeds anarchy/total breakdown of law and order
viii. It retards national development
ix. It leads to unhealthy rivalry/competition
Highlight six ways in which citizenship education has positively impacted the Nigerian society
(i) It creates a sense of selflessness in people towards the nation.
(ii) It creates a sense of allegiance to the nation/patriotism.
(iii) It assists in maintaining or reinforcing national values.
(iv) It promotes national development plans and programmes.
(v) It guarantees self-rule/self-determination/independence.
(vi) It promotes national self-reliance.
(vii) It mobilises citizens for national unity.
(viii) It promotes good and responsible governance.
(ix) It provides role models for leadership training/political mentorship. (x) It enables citizens to adhere to rules and regulations in the society.
(xi) It equips citizens with skills for societal problem solving.
(xii) It promotes the sense of oneness. (xiii) It enables them to know their rights and how to defend such rights.
(xiv) It informs citizens about the activities of government in a society.
(xv) It enables citizens to understand problems of the society such as HIV/AIDS, drug abuse, cultism , etc. and the way of solving the problemsand order, thereby reducing crime rates.
- Encourages Volunteerism: It encourages citizens to volunteer their time and resources for the development of the nation
a. Definition of justice
Justice has to do with moral rightness based on ethics, religion, rationality, law, fairness and equity. It illustrates applications of the notion of proper balance: a fair trial, which among other things depicts neutrality and fairness between the ability of the defendant and prosecution to establish innocence and guilt respectively
define citizenship
A legal status and relation between an individual and a state that entails specific legal rights and duties
the position or status of being a citizen of a particular country.
goals of citizenship education
-to balance regional and cultural diversity with national unity
-to eliminate inequalities related to race, gender, age, class, and ethinicity
-to ensue the successful functioning of the economy
-to equip young people to deal with situations of conflict and controversy knowledgeably and tolerantly.
- to understand the consequences of their actions and those of the adults around them
) Define citizenship education.
Citizenship education can be defined as a process of enlightening or training citizens on their rights and responsibilities.
-Citizenship education is a form of education that is given to citizens of a country so as to make them responsible individuals who are committed to the meaningful development of their society.
(a) Mention any six civic problems in the society.
ii) Vandalisation of government property
(iii) Illegal mining / sand winning
(iv) Drug abuse
(v) Irresponsible parenting
(vi) Poverty
(vii) Bad governance
(viii) Diseases e.g. HIV/AIDS, Ebola
(ix) Deforestation
(x) Over population
- human trafficking
corruption
bad roads
diseases
violence
power faiure
pollution
erosion
oil spillage
terrorism
cultism
child abuse
(b) Ways of solving civic problems:
(I) Citizens should be involved in awareness programmes. on civic problems and possible solutions
(ii) Citizens can discover and report existing and emerging civic problems
(iii) Government should provide job opportunities for everybody in society
(iv) Citizens can identify/discover best remedy to well known civic problems
(v) Citizens in the society should be motivated
Explain five nationalistic roles expected of individuals in the society.
i. Drawing the attention of the government and other leader: pressing needs and problems of the society
ii. Providing solutions to prevailing societal/civic problems
iii. Encouraging popular participation e.g. voting in elections
iv. Placing national interest above personal interest
vi. Rendering services for national security even at the expense of one’s life
v. Opposing the implementation policies and programmes that not have human face (anti-people policies)
vi. Regular payment of taxes when applicable
vii. Engaging in constructive criticism of leaders and policies of government
viii. Exemplary representation of one’s society/country
ix. Preventing any act of sabotage against the society/country
x. Obeying the rules and regulations/laws of society e.g. tra law
v
(a) State three significance of nationalism to the political development of Nigeria.
Significance of nationalism to the political development of Nigeria
It arouses the sense of selflessness in people towards their nation.
It creates a sense of allegiance to one’s nation.
It assists in maintaining/reinforcing national values.
It promotes national development plans and programmes.
It guarantees self-rule/self determination/independence.
It promotes national self-reliance.
It mobilizes citizens for national unity/it promotes sense of oneness.
It promotes good and responsible governance.
It provides role models for leadership training/political mentorship.
6 Ways to promote National integrity,
(1)formation of political parties with national outlooks.
(2)Encouraging the citizens to be patriotic.
(3)promotion of cultural re-orientation \awarenesness to the people.
(4)Good and responsible governance \leadership.
(5)promoting equal economics opportunities.
(6)organising national cultural festivals.
(a) Define national consciousness.
It is a strong feeling attachment to one’s country over and above every other consideration, interests or peculiarities for the promotion of common welfare/development.
(b) State four ways of promoting national consciousness.
i. instilling right values, morals and discipline in the citizens
ii. Encouraging justice and fairness among citizens
iii. Encouraging national unity and understanding through heal competitions, politics, sport and festivals etc
iv. Inculcating sound morals and religious beliefs
v. Placing national interest above personal interest/patriotism
vi. Singing National Anthem/reciting the Pledge
vii. Promoting inter-tribal/ethnic/regional marriage in the school
viii. Friendliness and hospitality of Nigerians to fellow
ix. Ensuring the implementation of the NYSC posting policy corp members outside their respective cultural areas of origin
x. Opposing/criticizing bad governance/policies
Elucidate six reasons why integrity is the foundation of any functional society in the world
i. Integrity gives room for good character formation
ii. it brings about hard work and commitment to work.
iii. People of integrity serve as role models to young ones.
iv. It makes one to be confident and trustworthy.
v. it brings about communal development.
vi. It inspires innovation.
vii. It promotes lasting relationship.
(a) Define human rights.
(a) Human rights are rights or privileges that every citizen enjoys in a country irrespective of gender, tribe or creed; they are natural, civil, political and legal.
Or human rights are legal entitlements and claims which are indisputable (cannot be taken away) for the citizens of a state and which the government of a state has a responsibility to protect and guarantee.
characteristics of human rights
-human rights are founded on respect for the dignity and worth of each person
- Human rights are universal
- Human rights are inalienable
human rights are indivisible, interrelated and independent
What is the meaning of Universal Declaration of Human Rights
(UDHR)?
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) refers to global proclamation
specifying the rights of individuals.
It is the primary international expression of the fundamental/inalienable rights of
members of the human race.
Outline six ways Nigerian government facilitates adherence to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
(i) Conduct of investigations into cases of human rights violations: The Nigerian government conducts, on a regular basis, exhaustive and impartial investigations into allegations of human rights violations in order to identify and bring to justice the perpetrators.
(ii) Taking all necessary measures to protect human rights defenders: The Nigerian government protects the human rights defenders in carrying out their work. This makes them be assured of effective protection against violence, retaliation, or discrimination.
(iii) Promotion of human rights through education and training: The Nigerian government embarks on the promotion of human rights through education and training. This is because human rights training and education are crucial to promoting a better understanding of human rights within a society.
(iv) Respect for the freedom of the Press: Nigerian government allows freedom of press so that human rights can be protected.
(v) Observance of fundamental freedoms and human rights: The Nigerian government does this for all Nigerians irrespective of tribe or religion.
(vi) Creation of room for impartial judiciary: It created room for impartial judiciary so as to protect the human rights of every individual in the country.
(vii) Championing the supremacy of law: It championed the supremacy and existence of law to maintain the rights of individuals.
(viii) Respect for international conventions: It has great respect for international conventions on Human Rights.
(ix) Setting up of human rights commission: It set up human rights commission, for example, Tile National Human Rights Commission of Nigeria (“the NHRC”)
Summarize the seven core freedoms as established in the Charter of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).
i. Right to life, libety and dignity of human person.
ii. Freedom from discrimination by gender, race, ethnicity, national origin or religion
iii. Right to freedom of movement and to choose a residence within the borders of each state.
iv. Right to freedom from forced labour, slavery, slavery-like practices and servititude. v. Right to freedom of association and peaceful assembly.
vi. Right to expression, thought, conscience or religion
vii. The right to own property.
(b) In what four ways can individuals and groups contribute to the upholding of the vision and mission of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)?
.Individuals and groups should always make efforts at recognizing their rights from time to time.
ii.Individuals, groups and corporate organizations should give financial assistance/legal aids to those who have been denied of their rights.
iii. Individuals should be ready to acquire more knowledge about human rights and the articles of UDHR.
iv. Participation in political activities.
v. Formation of human rights groups.
vi. Standing against human rights abuse.
