Section A

Question 1

What are 3 factors that impact industry?

Answer 1

Automation - machinery being used to complete tasks
Robotics - robots use artificial intelligence
Specialist buildings - uses renewable energy improving efficiency of buildings

Question 2

What are the 4 factors that impact enterprise?

Answer 2

Crowdfunding - advertise products as investment opportunities
Virtual marketing & retail - promotions of products online
Cooperatives - organisations with people working to common goals
Fair trade - Ensures suitable conditions for workers and fair wage

Question 3

What are the 3 factors impacting sustainability?

Answer 3

Finite resources - metals, plastics and fossil fuels - accessible
Non-finite resources - found naturally and can be replaced
Waste disposal - 6 R’s

Question 4

What are the 4 factors impacting environment?

Answer 4

Continuous improvement - continually making small adjustments
Efficient working - speed of production, reducing errors
Pollution - government incentives recycle waste when possible
Global warming - Target renewable energy, eliminate greenhouse gas

Question 5

What are the 3 factors impacting people?

Answer 5

Technology push - New developed products based on existing
Market pull - product ideas in response to customer needs+wants
Change in job roles - manage new technologies ensure efficiency

Question 6

What are the 2 factors impacting culture?

Answer 6

Change in fashion trends - used to influence manufacture designs
Respecting faiths and beliefs - considered by manufactures for the mass market

Question 7

What are the 3 factors impacting society?

Answer 7

Physical disability - user product with ease, increase independence
Age - Products at elderly consider mobility issues, visual, hearing
Religious groups - certain symbols, dietary restrictions, clothing

Question 8

What are the 6 types of production techniques and systems?

Answer 8

Automation
CAD - Computer aided design
CAM - Computer aided manufacture
FMS - Flexible manufacturing systems
JIT - Just in time
Lean manufacturing

Question 9

What are 4 things that inform design decisions?

Answer 9

Planned obsolescence
Design for maintenance
Design for disassembly
Environmental design

Question 10

What is a modern material?

Answer 10

Is a material that has engineered to have improved properties

Question 11

What are 3 examples of a modern material?

Answer 11

Steel
Concrete
Aluminium

Question 12

What is a smart material?

Answer 12

Exhibits physical change in response to some external stmuli

Question 13

Give 3 examples of smart materials?

Answer 13

Shape memory Alloys
Thermochromic pigments
Polymorph

Question 14

What is a composite material?

Answer 14

Made up of different materials which are combined to improve their properties, combination of both natural and synthetic materials

Question 15

Give 3 examples of composite materials?

Answer 15

Fibre-based composites - mixing resin and concrete with fibres
Particle-based composites - strong and dense material
Sheet-based composites - wood veneers with resin

Question 16

What are technical textiles?

Answer 16

Engineered to have numerous properties such as additional strength or resistance to fire, water and even dirt

Question 17

What are the 3 components of systems?

Answer 17

Inputs - Switches - Sensors

Question 18

Give 2 examples of inputs?

Answer 18

LDR - Thermistor

Question 19

What are the 2 main types of switches?

Answer 19

Push to make
Push to break

Question 20

What are 3 types of sensors?

Answer 20

LDR - Thermistor - Pressure

Question 21

What is a microcontroller?

Answer 21

Provides functionality and give intelligence to products and systems

Question 22

What are adv disadv of microcontrollers?

Answer 22

Size of circuit significantly reduced - Reprogrammed many times
Cost more - Language of system must be learned adds to cost

Question 23

How are microcontrollers programmed?

Answer 23

Flowchart program

Question 24

What are the 2 types of output?

Answer 24

Light and Sound

Question 25

What are the 2 types of motion?

Answer 25

Linear Rotary Reciprocating Oscillating

Question 26

What are the 3 main parts of a lever?

Answer 26

Effort Fulcrum Load

Question 27

What are the 5 linkages?

Answer 27

Reverse motion Parallel motion Bell crank Crank and slider Treadle

Question 28

What are the cam mechanisms 4?

Answer 28

Circular Pear Snail Constant velocity (heart shaped)

Question 29

What are gears?

Answer 29

Transfer motion from one place to another - gears are wheels with teeth

Question 30

What are gear trains?

Answer 30

Two or more gears are joined together

Question 31

What are pulleys?

Answer 31

Use mechanical advantage, similar to levers, to lift up loads, wheel shaped with a groove that allows a cord to sit inside the groove

Question 32

What are belts?

Answer 32

Belt drives transfer movement from one rotating pulley to another, each held on a shaft. Can be made out of any material

Question 33

What are the 5 physical properties?

Answer 33

Absorbency Density Fusibility Electrical conductivity Thermal conductivity

Question 34

What are the 6 working properties?

Answer 34

Strength Hardness Toughness Malleability Ductility Elasticity

Question 35

Give 5 types of paper?

Answer 35

Bleed proof paper Cartridge paper Grid paper Layout paper Tracing paper

Question 36

Give 6 types of board?

Answer 36

Corrugated card Duplex board Foil-lined board Foam core board Inkjet board Solid white board

Question 37

What are the 3 types of timber?

Answer 37

Hardwood Softwood Manufactured board

Question 38

What is a ferrous metal and give an example?

Answer 38

Contains iron and are magnetic, prone to rust Cast iron High/low carbon steel

Question 39

What is a non-ferrous metal and give an example?

Answer 39

Metals that do not contain iron and aren't magnetic, don't rust Aluminium Copper Tin Zinc

Question 40

What is an alloy? Give an example?

Answer 40

Mixtures of metal with an element to improve it's properties or aesthetics Brass Stainless steel

Question 41

What are most polymers made from?

Answer 41

Crude oil

Question 42

What is a thermoforming polymer, give examples?

Answer 42

Can be heated and formed repeatedly, pliable and recyclable Acrylic Polypropylene High impact polystyrene

Question 43

What is a thermosetting polymer, give examples?

Answer 43

Brittle and can only be formed once, hard to recycle, good insulators and are resistant to heat and chemicals Epoxy resin Melamine formaldehyde Urea formaldehyde

Question 44

What are the 2 types of textile?

Answer 44

Natural and synthetic

Question 45

Give 3 examples of a natural textile?

Answer 45

Cotton Wool Silk

Question 46

Give 3 examples of a synthetic fibre?

Answer 46

Polyester Nylon Elastane

Question 47

What are the 4 different ways of forming a textile?

Answer 47

Blended Woven Non woven Knitted