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LARE SECTION 2 > Section B: Analytical Aspects Of Practice > Flashcards

Section B: Analytical Aspects Of Practice Flashcards

1
Q

What term describes traffic volumes? It is the total annual volume of traffic divided by 365

A

Average Daily Traffic (ADT)

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2
Q

What is Design Hourly Volume (DHV)?

A

Volume of traffic tolerable by the driver (15% of ADT)

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3
Q

The maximum traffic in an hour is called

A

Peak Hourly Volume (PHV)

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4
Q

This roadway system is the most rapid and largest volume through-traffic system across and between urban areas. Best characterized by its limited access and grade separated intersections, (includes expressways and parkways)

A

Freeway

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5
Q

This roadway system is a through traffic system across and between urban areas. Allows direct access to adjacent properties but is characterized by control of entrances, exits, and curb use

A

Major Arterial

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6
Q

This road classification provides for movement of traffic between major arterials and local streets with direct access to adjacent properties. Traffic control is usually provided by signals and stop signs on side streets.

A

Collector street

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7
Q

This roadway classification provides for local traffic movement with direct access to adjacent properties and traffic control with stop signs

A

Local street

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8
Q

List the roadway classifications from largest to smallest

A

Freeway (60’+), major arterial (30’-40’), collector (30’), local (20’)

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9
Q

Aside from knowing traffic volumes and types of vehicles expected on the road, these 6 types of characteristics help you determine the location

A
  1. Present and proposed land uses
  2. Present and proposed circulation routes
  3. Topography
  4. Scenic opportunities
  5. Safety
  6. Respond to natural forces and features by respecting existing landscape
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10
Q

The length of road clearly visible to the driver is called

A

Sight distance

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11
Q

Site distance is based on _______________ of am average driver seated I’m the passenger car being 3’-9” above the road surface

A

Eye height

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12
Q

Safe site distance is a combination of these two factors

A
  1. Perception/ reaction
  2. Braking distance
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13
Q

The basic formula to calculate perception/ reaction distance is

A

Reaction time (2.5 seconds) x speed in MPH

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14
Q

The basic formula for calculating breaking distance is

A

Speed in MPH ^2 / (30 x coefficient of friction between tires and pavement)

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15
Q

How much square feet per car should you estimate for parking lot design?

A

325 (stalls, isles, lighting and landscape)

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16
Q

For residential multi-family parking is often placed on the ________ perimeter

A

Outer (inner location for pedestrian and open space)

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17
Q

What is the maximum distance a person will park to walk to their car?

A

200’

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18
Q

What is the maximum distance for people to park relative to commercial sites?

A

300’

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19
Q

What range of miles of bicyclists typically travel?

A

3-6 miles

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20
Q

Lengthy grades of _____% or more should be avoided in designing bike paths

A

5%

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21
Q

What is the preferred surfacing for bicyclists?

A

Asphalt

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22
Q

What is the maximum cross slope to use for drainage?

A

2%

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23
Q

T or F: catch basins are best located off the actual path of travel for cyclists along its grates being of a design that doesn’t entrap a bicycle tire

A

True

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24
Q

What’s the average dimensions for a bike?

A

6’ x 1.5’ x 2.5’

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25
Q

What’s the average spatial requirement for a single pedestrian?

A

24” wide

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26
Q

The average person walks a 20 min mile or _____ft per minute

A

260

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27
Q

Grades up to ____%/generally do not affect speed

A

6%

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28
Q

50% of pedestrians will not walk further than ______ ft

A

700

29
Q

The average adult pedestrian’s eye level is ________ standing & __________ sitting

A

5’-2” standing and 3’-9” sitting

30
Q

What is the vertical degree for the cone of vision for most people?

A

30 degrees

31
Q

A walking pedestrian’s preferred distance for clear vision ahead is

A

10’ - 15’

32
Q

What degree is the horizontal cone of vision?

A

60 degrees

33
Q

This is the ideal distance for outdoor spatial enclosures

A

2-3x the height of what you’re looking at

34
Q

The average pedestrian prefers to be ____” from the curb

A

30”

35
Q

The average pedestrian prefers to be ____” from walls or buildings

A

18-30”

36
Q

What are 6 functional design aspects of plants?

A
  1. Directing views
  2. Directing movement
  3. Spatial definition
  4. Screening
  5. Physical control (erosion)
  6. Climate control
37
Q

In the year ______ the Continental Congress initiated a rectangular system of diving lands into quadrangles, townships, and sections

A

1785

38
Q

Major horizontal divisions in dividing land is called

A

Baselines

39
Q

Major vertical divisions in dividing land is called

A

Meridians

40
Q

How far apart are baselines and meridians spaced?

A

24 miles

41
Q

Meridians and baselines create a square called

A

Quadrangles

42
Q

Quadrangles are divided into 6 mile squares called

A

Townships

43
Q

A row of townships on the north-south axis is called

A

Range

44
Q

A row of townships on the east-west axis is called

A

Tier

45
Q

Township is divided into 1 mile (640 ac) squares called

A

Sections

46
Q

How many sections are in a township?

A

36

47
Q

A section is divided into ____ quadrants

A

4

48
Q

A description of land in a township is written from the _____ land division to the identified ______.

A

Smallest
Quadrangles

49
Q

What is the Subdivision Map Act in California?

A

Enables local city to enact ordinances to control the type of subdivision and physical improvements to be constructed within the cities jurisdiction

50
Q

What are the two main things the Subdivision Map Act does?

A
  1. Establishes ordinance to allow city to coordinate lot design, street pattern, draining and sewer collection systems
  2. Inside each subdivision has to set aside a part for public purposes
51
Q

What three elements does complete fertilizer?

A

Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (N-P-K)

52
Q

What is an incomplete fertilizer?

A

Fertilizer only containing 2 of the primary 3 nutrients

53
Q

What is a simple fertilizer?

A

Fertilizer only containing 1 of the primary 3 nutrients

54
Q

What are the 3 primary plant nutrients?

A

Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

55
Q

What are the 3 secondary plant nutrients?

A

Calcium, magnesium, sulfur (also called micronutrients)

56
Q

What does S Nitrogen do?

A

Required for formation of proteins, chlorophyll, and enzymes for healthy development of cell structures

57
Q

What does phosphorus do?

A

Stimulates early root growth, plant maturity, and flower/ fruit production

58
Q

What does potassium do?

A

Stimulates root growth, aids in disease resistance, and improves flower/ fruit production

59
Q

What does calcium, magnesium, and sulfur do?

A

Calcium helps cell formation and structure, magnesium helps with photosynthesis, and sulfur is used in protein synthesis

60
Q

What are the 3 classifications of soil amendments

A

Chemical, mineral, and organic

61
Q

What is chlorosis?

A

Plant has iron deficiency & leaves turn yellow

62
Q

What is pleaching?

A

Train shrub ir tree branch in interwoven pattern resulting in vertical hedge form or overheard natural arbor

63
Q

What is pollarding?

A

Severe pruning of major deciduous tree limbs when dormant to create large knobby core of branching structure

64
Q

What are the 12 grades plants are divided into for standards/ sizing?

A
  1. Shade and flowering trees
  2. Deciduous shrubs
  3. Coniferous evergreens
  4. Broadleaf evergreens
  5. Roses
  6. Young plants
  7. Fruit trees
  8. Small fruits
  9. Understock
  10. Seedlings
  11. Bulbs, corns, and tubers
  12. Christmas trees
65
Q

Describe the 3 zones of fire safety around structures

A
  1. First zone is closest to structure (min.30’) and is the most critical. Less plants, generally level.
  2. Zone 2 is middle 30’-100’ seasonally maintenanced “green belt”, 5’ clear on tree trunks, space trees min 18’ from each other and try to keep shrubs between 18”-36” ht
  3. Zone 3 is 100’-300’ with selective maintenance and lots of natives
66
Q

How high are low level landscape lights? What are they used for?

A

Less than 6’
Landscape and pathway lighting

67
Q

How high are intermediate lights? What are these used for?

A

10’-15’
Pedestrian area light

68
Q

How high are parking lot and roadway lights? What are they mainly used for?

A

20’-50’
Street and parking lots, in recreational and conmercial

69
Q

How high are height mast lights? What are they mainly used for?

A

60’-100’
Large parking areas, highways, recs

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