Section B Background

Question 1

What is the catalyst for making oxygen in the lab?

Answer 1

Manganese Oxide

Question 2

Manganese oxide + ? = oxygen

Answer 2

Hydrogen peroxide solution

Question 3

What shape is the top of a thistle funnel?

Answer 3

Circular

Question 4

Name the parts of the apparatus used to make oxygen in the lab.

Answer 4

Thistle funnel, test tube, side-arm boiling tube, hydrogen peroxide solution, manganese oxide, beaker, water, cork.

Question 5

What is the balanced symbol equation for the reaction for the making of oxygen?

Answer 5

2H2O2(aq) ➡️ 2H2O(l) + O2(g)

Question 6

What solid burns in a bright blue flame in oxygen?

Answer 6

Sulfur

Question 7

What burns in air with a bright white flame to give a white, powdery ash of their own substance?

Answer 7

Magnesium

Question 8

What colour does the carbon flame burn?

Answer 8

Yellow-orange

Question 9

What is a catalytic converter?

Answer 9

A catalyst helps convert oxides of nitrogen into harmless nitrogen gas, but has no effect on Auldearn dioxide.

Question 10

Name the apparatus used to make carbon dioxide in the lab.

Answer 10

Thistle funnel, side-arm boiling tube, dilute hydrochloric acid, marble chips, water, beaker, cork

Question 11

What is a displacement reaction?

Answer 11

When a less reactive metal has been pushed out of its compound by the more reactive metal

Question 12

What is an oxidising agent?

Answer 12

A substance which oxidises something else

Question 13

What is a reducing agent?

Answer 13

A substance which reduces something else.

Question 14

What are the reactants in the thermite reaction?

Answer 14

Iron and aluminium

Question 15

What is the oxidising agent in this reaction? Lead oxide + carbon ➡️ carbon monoxide

Answer 15

Lead, it is the source of the oxygen in this reaction.

Question 16

Name the apparatus used to make hydrogen in the lab.

Answer 16

Thistle funnel, dilute Sulphuric acid, zinc chips, beaker, water, test tube, side-arm boiling tube, cork

Question 17

What is formed when hydrogen burns?

Answer 17

Water

Question 18

What is the formula for dilute sulfuric acid?

Answer 18

H2SO4

Question 19

What is the formula for copper carbonate?

Answer 19

CuCO3

Question 20

What is the formula for dilute nitric acid?

Answer 20

2HNO3

Question 21

What are bases in terms of acids?

Answer 21

They are substances that combine with hydrogen ions.

Question 22

What is a redox reaction?

Answer 22

Where oxidation and reduction occur at the same time.

Question 23

How do you test for water?

Answer 23

Using Anhydrous copper sulfate. The water will turn the sulfate from white to blue.

Question 24

What is another way of testing for water?

Answer 24

Using cobalt chloride paper. Water turns the paper from blue to pink.

Question 25

What colour flame does red show the ion presence of?

Answer 25

Lithium Ions

Question 26

What colour flame does orange show the ion presence of?

Answer 26

Sodium ions.

Question 27

What colour flame does pink/lilac show the ion presence of?

Answer 27

Potassium ions.

Question 28

What colour flame does brick red show the ion presence of?

Answer 28

Calcium ions.

Question 29

What substance is present when a blue precipitate is formed in sodium hydroxide solution?

Answer 29

Copper hydroxide.

Question 30

What substance is present when an orange precipitate is formed in sodium hydroxide solution?

Answer 30

Iron hydroxide.

Question 31

How do you test for chloride ions?

Answer 31

Make a solution of suspected chloride and add enough dilute nitric acid to make it acidic, then add some silver nitrate solution.
A white precipitate of silver chloride shows the presence of chloride ions.

Ag+Cl➡️AgCl

Question 32

How do you test for bromides ions?

Answer 32

Make a solution of suspected bromide and add enough dilute nitric acid to make it acidic, then add some silver nitrate solution.
A pale/cream precipitate of silver bromide shows the presence of bromide ions.

Ag+Br➡️AgBr

Question 33

How do you test for iodides ions?

Answer 33

Make a solution of suspected iodide and add enough dilute nitric acid to make it acidic, then add some silver nitrate solution.
A yellow precipitate of silver iodide shows the presence of iodide ions.

Ag+I➡️AgI

Question 34

What is the best way to collect hydrogen?

Answer 34

Over water or upwards into a test tube.

Question 35

What is the best way to collect oxygen?

Answer 35

Over water.

Question 36

How do you collect carbon dioxide?

Answer 36

Downwards into a test tube.

Question 37

What is the best way to collect chlorine?

Answer 37

Collected downwards into a test tube.

Question 38

what is the best way to collect ammonia?

Answer 38

Upwards into a test tube.

Question 39

How do you know CO2 is present in a solution?

Answer 39

Blowing through a straw would make the solution milky and form a white precipitate.

Question 40

How do you know oxygen is present?

Answer 40

Relights a glowing splint.

Question 41

What colour is chlorine gas?

Answer 41

Green.

Question 42

How do you know chlorine is present?

Answer 42

Bleaches damp litmus paper.

Question 43

How do you know ammonia is present?

Answer 43

Turns damp red litmus paper blue.

Question 44

Describe fully the preparation for a flame test.

Answer 44

A platinum wire is cleaned by dipping it into concentrates hydrochloride acid and then holding it in a hot Bunsen flame. This is repeated until the wire doesn’t give any colour to the flame.

The wire is then dipped back into the acid, and then into the solid being tested, and back into the flame.

Question 45

What does dynamic equilibrium mean?

Answer 45

Dynamic means that the reactions are still continuing. Equilibrium means that the total amounts of the various things present are constant. This is because the forward and back reactions are happening at the same rates.