Section B- Petroleum

Question 1

Have we always used petroleum for fuel?

Answer 1

They used to use firewood for energy

Get new energy sources because they are available

Question 2

How can there be energy in molecules?

Answer 2

The plants take the energy from the sun, they trap it in glucose.

Only under very special conditions do you get oil.

Question 3

What do you need to light a candle?

Answer 3

Fuel + oxygen- combustion

Question 4

What is efficiency in terms of energy?

Answer 4

How much “in” energy is converted to our goal

Question 5

What makes petroleum useful?

Answer 5

Because it burns

Question 6

What happens to energy every time you convert it?

Answer 6

Some energy gets away every time it is converted

Question 7

Do you want a higher or lower amount of energy at the end of converting?

Answer 7

Higher because the higher amount of energy at the end, the more efficient it is.

Question 8

How do you calculate the yearly miles a car has?

Answer 8

MILES 52 weeks MILES
——— X ———— = ———
1 week 1 year 1 year

Question 9

How do you calculate how much your yearly miles cost?

Answer 9

MILES $$$
——— X 3$ = ——
1 year 1 year

Question 10

How do you calculate the amount of energy something releases when it burns?

Answer 10

Q = change temp x mass x  capacity
^                                  
Heat in
Joules/ 
Measure
Of heat

Question 11

What is the capacity part of the equation for water?

Answer 11

4.18J
———
G x degrees C

Question 12

What is the capacity part of the equation for calories?

Answer 12

1.0 cal
———
G x degrees C

Question 13

What percent of petroleum is used for energy?

Answer 13

89%

Question 14

When there is a trap over heat, what do we need to know about the trap?

3 questions.

Answer 14

1. How much did the temperature change?
2. What is the mass of the trap?
3. What is the specific heat capacity?

Question 15

What does specific heat capacity mean?

Answer 15

Different things boil at different rates-

What is the energy needed to raise 1g of substance 1 degree C

Question 16

What is an exothermic reaction?

Answer 16

When the difference between the starting amount of fuel and the ending amount is greater than the starting amount.

Question 17

What is an endothermic reaction?

Answer 17

When the difference between the starting amount of fuel and the ending amount is less than the starting amount.

Question 18

What is an octane rating?

Answer 18

A standard measure of an engine or aviation fuel. The higher the octane number, the more compression the fuel can withstand before detonating.

Question 19

True or false, we use more gasoline than we mine.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What is cracking?

Answer 20

Cracking is the process of taking big molecules and snapping them somewhere down the middle, in a cracking pound.

Question 21

How fast does gasoline burn?

Answer 21

Really fast

Question 22

What is an anti knocking characte?

Answer 22

It is a gasoline additive used to Rudy Rudy engine knocking and increase the fuels octane rating by raising the temperature and pressure.

Question 23

What burns better, straight chains or branches?

Answer 23

Branches, straight chains don’t burn well.

Question 24

What is isomerization?

Answer 24

The process where a compound is transformed into any of its isomeric forms.

Makes branches.

Question 25

What is an isomer?

Answer 25

Same formula different structures.