Section C resource management and water

Question 1

What is resource management?

Answer 1

The process of managing resources efficiently and sustainably to meet the needs of the population.

Question 2

True or False: Water is considered a renewable resource.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The main source of freshwater is _____.

Answer 3

precipitation

Question 4

What percentage of the Earth’s water is freshwater?

Answer 4

About 2.5%

Question 5

What is the water cycle?

Answer 5

The continuous movement of water within the Earth and atmosphere through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a method of water conservation? A) Rainwater harvesting B) Desalination C) Drip irrigation D) Flooding

Answer 6

D) Flooding

Question 7

What is the term for the maximum amount of water that can be extracted from a resource sustainably?

Answer 7

Sustainable yield

Question 8

True or False: Groundwater is a non-renewable resource.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

What is desalination?

Answer 9

The process of removing salt from seawater to produce freshwater.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: The main uses of water are for _____.

Answer 10

domestic, agricultural, and industrial purposes

Question 11

What does the term ‘water footprint’ refer to?

Answer 11

The total volume of freshwater used to produce goods and services consumed by an individual or community.

Question 12

What is the primary cause of water scarcity?

Answer 12

Over-extraction of water resources and climate change.

Question 13

True or False: Urbanization can lead to increased water demand.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What is groundwater recharge?

Answer 14

The process by which water percolates through the soil and refills underground aquifers.

Question 15

Fill in the blank: The main international treaty governing transboundary water resources is called the _____.

Answer 15

United Nations Watercourses Convention

Question 16

What is the impact of climate change on water resources?

Answer 16

It can lead to altered precipitation patterns, increased evaporation, and more extreme weather events.

Question 17

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a consequence of water pollution? A) Decreased biodiversity B) Increased tourism C) Improved agriculture D) Enhanced water quality

Answer 17

A) Decreased biodiversity

Question 18

What is integrated water resources management (IWRM)?

Answer 18

A process that promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land, and related resources.

Question 19

True or False: Rainwater harvesting is an effective method for increasing water supply.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The main drivers of water demand are _____.

Answer 20

population growth and economic development

Question 21

What is the role of wetlands in water management?

Answer 21

Wetlands act as natural water filters and help regulate water flow.

Question 22

Multiple Choice: Which technology is used to treat wastewater? A) Filtration B) Chlorination C) Aeration D) All of the above

Answer 22

D) All of the above

Question 23

What is the significance of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development?

Answer 23

It includes goals related to ensuring availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.

Question 24

True or False: Water scarcity only affects developing countries.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

What is a watershed?

Answer 25

An area of land that drains rainwater into a common outlet, such as a river or lake.

Question 26

What is the main purpose of the Lesotho Highland Water Project?

Answer 26

To transfer water from Lesotho to South Africa and generate hydroelectric power for Lesotho.

Question 27

What percentage of Lesotho’s GDP comes from water exports due to this project?

Answer 27

75

Question 28

What are two major disadvantages of the project?

Answer 28

Displacement of 19 villages and destruction of farmland/natural habitats.

Question 29

Why does South Africa benefit from the Lesotho water transfer?

Answer 29

It provides a reliable water source to the drought-prone Gauteng province.

Question 30

Where is the Wakel River Basin Project located?

Answer 30

In Rajasthan India

Question 31

What are two water management techniques used in the Wakel Project?

Answer 31

Taankas (rainwater tanks) and joheds (small earth dams).

Question 32

What is a percolation pond and why is it used?

Answer 32

A pond that stores water and helps recharge groundwater by infiltration.

Question 33

How has the project benefited local communities?

Answer 33

Improved water availability raised water tables, and increased crop yields.

Question 34

Why is the Wakel River Basin Project considered sustainable?

Answer 34

It uses low-cost, community-led solutions requiring minimal technology.