Section One - Theories

Question 0

Criticisms of Marxism?

Answer 0

• portrays people as being puppets of the social system

- communism is disregarded, as it’s already failed in the Soviet Union

Question 1

Definition of Marxism?

Answer 1

A conflict theory based on the conflicts of the 2 classes, the bourgeoise exploiting the proletariates. In the end the proletariates with over throw capitalism which will end in a communism

Question 2

Key Marxist concepts?

Answer 2

• social order is forced on us by the more powerful in society
• believe in ideology rather than consensus
• infrastructure shapes the superstructure
• bourgeoisie control the proletariate
• workers revolution will happen with the proletariate are aware that they are being exploited

Question 3

Name a key Marxist

Answer 3

Karl Marx

Question 4

Definition of ideology?

Answer 4

Set of beliefs and values which disguise the truth and distort reality

Question 6

Definition of feminism?

Answer 6

The political perspective of the oppression of women and the difficulty to end it. Feminist argue that the world is male dominated and that it exploits women

Question 7

4 types of feminism?

Answer 7

• Marxist
• radical
• liberal
• difference

Question 8

Who is a key feminist?

Answer 8

Anne Oakley

Question 9

Key concepts of feminism?

Answer 9

• they believe that society is patriarchal, that men exploit women
• they believe in equality of the sexes
• believe that men control women through physical domination

Question 10

Criticisms of feminism?

Answer 10

• can be considered as men hating (radical feminists)

Question 11

Key Post Modernists?

Answer 11

• Anthony Giddens
• Zygmunt Bauman
• Jean Baudrillard
• Gellner
• Foucault

Question 12

Key post modernist concepts?

Answer 12

• we are becoming a global society
• decline in the belief that science is good
• people are questioning and rejecting old moral value (religion)
• more personal concern over politics rather than national
• people focus on the negative side of progress
• we are influenced by other cultures
• taking less traditional gender roles
• people can chose their identity from wide sources

Question 13

Criticisms of post modernism?

Answer 13

• they see the world as more changing than it actually is

- ignores continuing social equality

Question 15

Definition of functionalism

Answer 15

The belief that society is based on consensus, shared values and norms, sees society as a body each part working together to form a functioning being

Question 16

Key functionalist concepts?

Answer 16

• society is based on consensus
• consensus is the base of social unity
• social order is critical to a functional society
• we are all controlled by either external or internal enforcers

Question 17

Criticisms of functionalism?

Answer 17

• ignore that people have free will
• people chose to behave and it’s not determined
• take a deterministic view
• describes people as puppets to the social system

Question 18

What is the new right?

Answer 18

A conservative political perspective whose followers believe in self -reliance - and individual choice rather than state dependence

Question 19

Key new right thinkers?

Answer 19

Milton Freidman

Peter Bauher

Question 20

Key new right concepts?

Answer 20

• people should have the freedom to make themselves successful
• government shouldn’t interfere
• tax people less
• reduce benefits
• have conservative values

Question 21

Which political parties are new wing?

Answer 21

Conservatives
UKIP
BNP

Question 22

Criticisms of the new right?

Answer 22

Creates greater inequality between classes

Create large scale social issues

Question 23

Key functionalist thinker?

Answer 23

Emile Durkheim