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Secure terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Antithesis

A

Setting one word or idea against another. The opposite of a thesis. When a thesis and an antithesis are resolved one has a synthesis.

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2
Q

Bathos

A

An anti-climax

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3
Q

End stopped line

A

A line of poetry where the sentence pauses naturally at the end of the line (the opposite of enjambment)

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4
Q

Extended metaphor

A

A metaphor that grows and develops throughout the text

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5
Q

Paradox

A

An apparent contradiction, hence all the more striking by its truth

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6
Q

Pun

A

A play on words

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7
Q

Allegory

A

A word with another meaning below the surface. Each element of the story represents something else.

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8
Q

Ballad

A

A traditional poem which usually tells a story in short stanzas with simple and direct language

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9
Q

Blank verse

A

Unrhymed iambic pentameter

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10
Q

Elegy

A

An expression of bereavement

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11
Q

Epic

A

A long narrative poem that concerns a hero acting out a country’s history

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12
Q

Free verse

A

A modern form of poetry where there are no ridged rules of rhythm or rhyme

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13
Q

Lyric

A

A short poem often intended to be sung. Expresses mood and emotions

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14
Q

Narrative poem

A

A poem that tells a story

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15
Q

Ode

A

An address to one subject that adopts ab elevated tone

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16
Q

Pastoral

A

A rural poem extolling an idealised version of the countryside.

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17
Q

Rhyming couplet

A

Two consecutive lines that rhyme, often at the end of poems

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18
Q

Satire

A

Comedy that mocks human follies and vices

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19
Q

Allusion

A

To refer to something indirectly or metaphorically

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20
Q

Ellipsis

A

The omission of part of a sentence, often indicated by three dots. The adjective is ‘elliptical’

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21
Q

Symbolism

A

A device in which a word or phrase represents something else

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22
Q

Euphemism

A

A word that replaces term seen by society as unpleasant or taboo

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23
Q

Elision

A

The omission of sounds in connected speech which makes sounds slide together

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24
Q

Fricatives

A

Sounds where air escapes through a small passage, eg F,V

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25
Plosives
Sounds which release a sudden burst of air eg P,B,T
26
Sibilants
Constant sounds articulated with a hissing sound eg S,Z
27
Aspirants
Sounds that denote audible breath eg H
28
Bilabials
A term used to denote sounds made with both lips eg M,B
29
Nasals
A term used to describe consonants produced with an open nasal passage eg M,N
30
Assonance
A repetition of the same or similar vowel sounds
31
Onomatopoeia
The term used to denote words or imitate sounds
32
Discourse
Spoken language
33
Prosodic features
Use of pitch, volume, pace and rhythm to draw attention to key elements of spoken language
34
Paralinguistic
Non-verbal communication such as gestures, posture, facial expression
35
Fillers
Words used when hesitating in speech
36
Received pronunciation
An English accent of high social status that is not connected to a specific region
37
Tag question
an interrogative structure attached to the end of a sentence which expects a reply eg 'isn't it?'
38
Transcription
a written record of spoken language which might use symbols to illustrate the distinctive nature of speech
39
Repair
the correction of a mistake or misunderstanding in a conversation
40
Turn taking
The organisation of speakers' contributions to a conversation
41
Utterance
A stretch or piece of spoken language. Used instead of '[sentence' when discussing spoken language
42
Dynamic verbs
Verbs that express an action rather than a state
43
Stative verbs
verbs that express states of being
44
Auxiliary verb
Verbs that precede other verbs eg 'I -have- bought a car'
45
Modal verbs
Nine specific auxiliary verbs- can, could, might, must, shall, should, will, would, ought
46
Quantifier
A pronoun or determiner indicative of quantity eg all, both
47
Vocatives
The words used to name or refer to people when talking to them- come here 'Dave'
48
Nomenclature
The process of devising or choosing names
49
Coordinating conjunction
A word that joins elements of equal rank
50
Subordinating conjunction
A conjunction used to introduce a subordinate clause
51
Lexical set
A group of words joined by similarity of meaning
52
Hyperbole
Exaggeration
53
Non-standard lexis
Any variety of language that does not conform to the standard form
54
Archaisms
A word or phrase no longer in use
55
Dramatic irony
A literary technique, originally used in Greek tragedy, by which the full significance of a character's words or actions is clear to the audience or reader, although unknown to the characters
56
Soliloquy
An act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of any hearers, especially by a character in a play
57
Aside
A remark or passage in a play that is intended to be heard by the audience but unheard by the other characters in the play
58
Superlatives
A word that emphasises extremes eg best, worst, cleanest, fastest
59
Compound adjective
An adjective made up of two words joined by a hyphen
60
Pathetic fallacy
Where the environment mirrors the emotion expressed
61
Pentameter
A unit of poetic meter containing five feet
62
Mode of address
The point of view of the text
63
Syntax
The study of the relationship between words in a sentence
64
Independent main clause
The group of words which carries the core meaning of the sentence
65
Dependent or subordinate clause
A group of words that add extra meaning to the main clause
66
Parallesim
The patterning of pairs of sounds, words or structures to create a sense of balance
67
Foregrounding
A change in the structure of the sentence to place emphasis on an opening element
68
End-focus
A change in the structure of the sentence to place emphasis on a closing element of the sentence
69
Syndetic listing
Using conjunctions to join clauses
70
Asyndetic listing
The omission of coordinating conjunctions as a feature of rhetorical style
71
Juxtaposition
To place two or more things side by side (it does NOT mean compare)
72
Oxymoron
The use of apparently contradictory words in a phrase
73
Tripling
Listing of three items
74
Emphatic stress
A word or phrase said with emphasis or stress
75
Active voice
A grammatical structure in which the subject is the agent of the sentence
76
Passive voice
A grammatical structure in which the subject and object can change places in order to alter the focus of a sentence
77
Syntax inversion
The deliberate alteration of the structure of words in a sentence for rhetorical effect
78
Lexis
The vocabulary of a language
79
Petrarchan sonnet
A poem of 14 lines orgainised 8/6 written in iambic pentameter rhyming
80
Shakespearean sonnet
A poem of 14 lines organised into three quatrains and a couplet written in iambic pentameter and rhyming abab cdcd efef gg
81
Volta
Turning point in a poem/sonnet
82
Sestet
A six line verse
83
Octet
An eight line verse
84
Alternate rhyme
lines of poetry where the rhyme is on every other line
85
Internal rhyme
Where the rhyming sound occurs within a line of verse
86
Eye rhyme
Where words look as if they should rhyme but in fact don't
87
Iambic
An unstressed syllable followed by a stressed
88
Trochee
One stressed syllable followed by one unstressed
89
Spondee
Two stressed syllables
90
Dactyl
One stressed syllable followed by two unstressed
91
Anapest
Two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed
92
Tetrameter
A unit of poetic meter containing four feet
93
Trimester
a unit of poetic meter containing three feet
94
Anaphora
The repeating of words or phrases at the start of lines or sentences

English terminology (30 decks)

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