Security #9.5 Flashcards
(46 cards)
What is cybersecurity?
- Range of measures taken to
- protect computer systems, networks
- and data from unauthorised access/cyberattack
Lets say:
Ways of protecting PC, networks or data from unauthorised access (cyberattack)
How are cyberattacks carried out?
Malware
What is malware?
Malicious software
4 types of malware?
- Viruses
- Worms
*Spyware - Trojans
What are viruses?
(malware)
- Programs that can replicate themselves
and be spread from one system to another - By attaching themselves to host files
Use of virus?
(malware)
Modify/corrupt info of targeted computer system
What are worms?
(malware)
- Self-replicating programs
- Can identify vulnerabilities in OS
Use of worm?
(malware)
Enable remote control of infected computer
What is spyware?
(malware)
- Installed by opening attachments/downloading infected software
Use of spyware?
(malware)
Collect stored data without user’s knowledge
1 type of spyware?
(malware)
Keyloggers
What does a keylogger do?
(spyware)
- Track keystrokes
- Can capture passwords of accounts
Parents use these ig to monitor children online activity O_o
What are trojans?
+ use
(malware)
- Program appearing to perform useful function
- But provides a back door
+ Enables data to be stolen
What are the 6 ways of protection against malware
(imo just think of 3 but whatever ya think of first)
- Install virus protection software
- Use firewall
- Keep OS up-to-date
- Use latest ver. of web browser
- Be aware if phishing emails
- Malicious software removal tool
Describe virus protection software
AKA anti-virus software
- Program loaded into mem whilst pc running
- Monitors activity on pc for signs of virus infection
- Also always upd these regularly
How does anti-virus recognise viruses?
- Virus has its unique ‘signature’
- Antivirus stores that in database
*PC scanned if signature in database exist
Describe firewall
- Software/hardware security system
- Controls incoming & outgoing network traffic
- Packets of data analysed, decides if they allowed or not
Basic function of firewall?
- Monitors:
where data has come from,
where it’s going,
decides if communication is allowed
How does the firewall do the basic function?
By checkin g a list of pre-defined rules
Explain ‘keep your operating system up to date’
New way to bypass OS = install security patches issued
Explain ‘use latest ver. of web browser’
Same as ‘keep your operating system up to date’
Update installed after restarting browser
Explain ‘look out for phishing emails’
- Emails ask you to confirm personal details
FAKE AF
Describe malicious software removal tool
When should u use it?
- literally just removes the malware
- use it if you got malware in computer
List 6 forms of cyberattacks
(although u could think of 3, u probably might want to know these all)
- Shoulder surfing
*SQL injection - DoS attacks
- Password-based attacks
*IP spoofing
*Social engineering
