Sedative Drugs

Question 1

Component of diazepam that makes it more miscible with blood

Answer 1

40% propylene glycol

Question 2

Component of diazepam that is an irritant

Answer 2

40% propylene glycol

Question 3

Component of diazepam that controls pH

Answer 3

5% sodium benzoate & benzoic acid

Question 4

Component of diazepam that is a preservative

Answer 4

benzyl alcohol

Question 5

Natural form of diazepam

Answer 5

pale yellow odorless crystalline powder

Question 6

Where does diazepam act on and what is the mechanism of action

Answer 6

acts on hippocampus as an anti-convulsant by inhibiting the action of Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

Question 7

Contraindication of diazepam and what is the subsequent effect

Answer 7

Pregnant patients bc it causes congenital malformations

Acute narrow glaucoma bc it increases interpupillary pressure

allergy to diazepam / benzodiazepines

Question 8

How long until peak level of diazepam is hit

Answer 8

1-2mins

Question 9

Half life of diazepam

Answer 9

alpha - 45 minutes
beta - 30 hours

Question 10

Describe phases 1-4 of sedation

Answer 10

Phase 1 - (0-15 mins) responsive to verbal command but slow

Phase 2 - (16-30 mins) more aware of surroundings but still sedated

Phase 3 - (30-45 mins) More or less normal, but drug is still in effect

Phase 4 - (46-60 mins) drug has been redistributed

Question 11

When observed, patient is in correct sedation

Answer 11

Verrill’s sign (half awake, half asleep)

Question 12

Milk of amnesia

Answer 12

Propofol

Question 13

Sedation of mechanically ventilated adults

Answer 13

Propofol

Question 14

Narcotic that when combined with diazepam creates a milky white precipitate

Answer 14

nalbuphine

Question 15

Narcotic contraindicated for patients with MAO inhibitor

Answer 15

Morphine

Question 16

Antidote for muscle rigidity due to rapid infusion of fentanyl

Answer 16

succinylcholine

Question 17

Technique that combines three drugs in conscious sedation

Answer 17

Jorgensen’s Technique

Question 18

Drugs combined in Jorgensen’s

Answer 18

sedative, narcotic agonist, antisialogogue

Question 19

Drugs that inhibit actions of anticholinesterase drugs

Answer 19

Anti emergence delirium (physostigmine)

Question 20

Antidote for atropine overdose

Answer 20

physostigmine

Question 21

State where patients appear awake, eyes open, capable of muscular movement but unaware of or disassociated from the environment

Answer 21

Cataleptic anesthesia

Question 22

Drugs for allergic reactions

Answer 22

antihistamines

Question 23

Contraindications of barbiturates

Answer 23

preggies and asthmatics

Question 24

This anticholinesterase drug causes rash like appearance due to vasodilation

Answer 24

Atropine - atropine flush

Question 25

Measures CO2 levels

Answer 25

capnograph

Question 26

Monitor heart rate, BP, ECG, O2 Saturation, O2 Volume

Answer 26

cardioscope

Question 27

measures oxygen saturation

Answer 27

pulse oximeter

Question 28

Converts liquid anesthesia into gas

Answer 28

vaporizer