Sedative-Hypnotic-Anxiolytics

Question 1

Alprazolam

Answer 1

BDZ (GABA-Cl channel)

Question 2

Flurazepam

Answer 2

BDZ (GABA-Cl channel) longest t/12 and its metabolic product is active which will accumulate in old people

Question 3

Diazepam

Answer 3

BDZ (GABA-Cl channel)

Question 4

Oxazepam

Answer 4

BDZ (GABA-Cl channel): okay to give to OLd people.

Question 5

Triazolam

Answer 5

BDZ (GABA-Cl channel) Shortest t1/2:results in rebound insomnia when taken off.

Question 6

Lorazepam

Answer 6

BDZ (GABA-Cl channel): okay to give to OLd people.

Question 7

Midazolam

Answer 7

BDZ (GABA-Cl channel)

Question 8

Temazepam

Answer 8

BDZ (GABA-Cl channel) medium t1/2

Question 9

Flumazenil

Answer 9

BDZ antagonist: will only work for Z-drug and BDZ OD, not barb OD.

Question 10

Zolpidem (Ambien)

Answer 10

Z-drug (Non-BDZ, BDZ agonist), Short t1/2. Most commonly prescribed. Reduces sleep latency AND nocturnal awakenings (because it comes in slow-release tablets).

Question 11

Eszopiclone (Lunesta)

Answer 11

Z-drug (Non-BDZ, BDZ agonist) Longerst t1/2 of the Z-drugs. Sleep Maintenance.

Question 12

Phenobarbital

Answer 12

GABA-Cl channel

Question 13

Ramelteon

Answer 13

Melatonin Receptor Agonist. First line sleep aide (keep in mind that straight up melatonin is only adjunctive).

Question 14

Diphenyhydramine (Benadryl)

Answer 14

5HT1a partial agonist. Adjunctive sleep aide.

Question 15

Zaleplone (Sonata)

Answer 15

Z-drug (Non-BDZ, BDZ agonist), Short t1/2. Reduces sleep latency, but NOT nocturnal awakenings.