seed germination

Question 1

is the process of seeds developing into new plants.

Answer 1

germination

Question 2

must trigger the seed to grow. Usually, this is determined by how deep the seed is planted, water availability, and temperature.

Answer 2

environmental conditions

Question 3

The uptake of water by dry seed is called

Answer 3

imbibition

Question 4

is the process by which cells irreversibly stop
dividing and enter a state of permanent growth arrest without undergoing cell death.

Answer 4

Senescence

Question 5

can be induced by unrepaired DNA damage or other cellular stresses.

Answer 5

senescence

Question 6

hormone that accelerate senescence

Answer 6

aba and ethylene

Question 7

hormone retard senescence

Answer 7

auxin and cytokinin

Question 8

nitrogen increases senescence

Answer 8

nitrogen deficiency

Question 9

nitrogen retards senescence

Answer 9

nitrogen supply

Question 10

accelerates senescence

Answer 10

high temp

Question 11

retards senescence

Answer 11

low temp

Question 12

is rapid in dark than in light

Answer 12

senescence

Question 13

Water stress leads to accumulation of ABA leading to

Answer 13

senescence

Question 14

Senescence is controlled by plants own genetic programme and death of the plant or plant part consequent to senescence is called

Answer 14

programmed cell death

Question 15

The nutrients and other substrates from senescing cells and tissues are remobilized and reallocated to other parts of the plant that survives.

Answer 15

programmed cell death

Question 16

The protoplasts of developing xylem vessels and tracheids die and disappear at maturity to make them functionally efficient to conduct water for transport.

Answer 16

programmed cell death

Question 17

is a physiological process of shedding of organs like leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds from the parent plant body.

Answer 17

abscission

Question 18

• When these parts are removed the plant seals off its vascular system to prevent loss of water and nutrients.
• Final stage of senescence

Answer 18

abscission

Question 19

retard abscission

Answer 19

auxin and cytokinin

Question 20

induce abscission

Question 21

aba and ethylene

Question 22

separates dead parts of the plant, like old leaves and ripe fruits.
• 2.It helps in dispersal of fruits and continuing the life cycle of the plant.
• 3. BLANK of leaves in deciduous plants helps in water conservation during summer.
• 4. In lower plants, shedding of vegetative parts like gemmae or plantlets help in vegetative reproduction.

Answer 22

abscission

Question 23

occurs in annuals where whole of the plant is affected and dies

Answer 23

overall senescence

Question 24

this is represented by perennial herbs where senescence occurs only in the above ground parts, the root system and underground system remaining viable

Answer 24

top senescence

Question 25

less drastic and takes place in woody deciduous plants. occurs in all the leaves simultaneously but the bulk of the stem and root remins alive

Answer 25

deciduous senescence

Question 26

characterized by gradual progression of senescence and death of leaves from the base upwards as the plant grows. the senescence of the entire plant after a single reproductive cycle is also known as monocarpic senescence

Answer 26

progressive senescence