Seizures

Question 1

epilepsy

Answer 1

recurrent unprovoked seizrues

Question 2

what are the two peak age periods of epilepsy

Answer 2

neonatal and elderly

Question 3

what is intractable epilepsy

Answer 3

patients not controlled by medication

Question 4

loss of conciousness, tonic hypertonia, clonic jerking of ALL four extremities and an ictal cry is indicative off

Answer 4

generalized tonic clonic (grand mal seizrue)

Question 5

urinary incontinence

Answer 5

generalized tonic clonic seizrue

Question 6

what is the postictal phase of generalized tonic clonic

Answer 6

patient is suporous or obtunded with deep sonorous repisrations with a common headache and diffuse myalgias

Question 7

sudden behavioral arrest/starring no aura, no postictal confusion

Answer 7

absence petit mall

Question 8

EEG of absence seizrue

Answer 8

generalized 3hz spike and wave discharges, exacerbated by hyperventilation

Question 9

sudden lost of postural muscles (drop attacks)

Answer 9

atonic

Question 10

EEG of atonic seizrues

Answer 10

low voltage fast activity, polyspike and wave, electrodecrement

Question 11

sudden brief jerks

Answer 11

myoclonic

Question 12

which partial seiziure has NO alteration in consciousness

Answer 12

simple

Question 13

which partial seizrure has alternation in consciousness

Answer 13

complex partial seizure

Question 14

what is the most common lobe for complex partial seizures

Answer 14

temporal lobe

Question 15

often have an aura

Answer 15

complex partial seizrures

Question 16

amnesia for events

Answer 16

complex partial seizrures

Question 17

stop, star, automatism-oral buccal

Answer 17

compex partial seizures

Question 18

most difficult seizure to control

Answer 18

complex partial seizure

Question 19

symptomatic seizures

Answer 19

caused by some systematic problem affecting the brain–not primary brain problem

Question 20

genetic, neurologically normal, EEG shows epileptiform activity with normal background

Answer 20

primary generalized epilepsy

Question 21

febrile convulsions, benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes; childhood absence epilepsy and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Answer 21

inherited epileptic syndromes

Question 22

generalized seizrues that occur at rapid rise of temperature

Answer 22

benign febrile convulsions

Question 23

what is the treatment for benign febrile convulsions

Answer 23

symptomatic, rectal valium

Question 24

what is the DOC for childhood absence epilepsy

Answer 24

ethosuxamide

Question 25

characteristics of childhood absence epilepsy

Answer 25

petite mal epilepsy, brief starring, provked by hyperventilation, often outgrow

Question 26

what is the EEG hallmark for childhood absence epilepsy

Answer 26

generalized 3Hz per second spike and wave during hyperventilation

Question 27

what is the DOC for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Answer 27

depakote

Question 28

what can cause juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Answer 28

ETOH, photic stimulation and sleep depriation

Question 29

what is the EEG for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Answer 29

generalized polyspke wave

Question 30

west syndrome

Answer 30

infantile spasms, hypasarrhythmia on EEG, and severe developmental delay

Question 31

lennox gastaut syndrome

Answer 31

multiple types, EEG is slow spike and wave, multifocal spikes, paroxysmal fast activity, mental retardation/developmental delay, intractable to meds

Question 32

mesial temproal sclerosis

Answer 32

intractable comlex partial seizrues, history of complicated febrile convulsions, MRI findings, EEG shows focal temporal slowing or spikes

Question 33

treatment of status epilepticus

Answer 33

``` IV benzodiazepine (Lorazepam) or diazepam and IV phenytonic/phosphenytoin induced coma (IV pentobarbital or midazolam or propofol) ```