self Flashcards

1
Q

self knowledge

A

comes from: (1) introspection, (2) self-perception, (3) influence of other people

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2
Q

self concept

A

self schemas, mental structure that helps you organize information for/about yourself

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3
Q

interdependent view of self

A

a view of self that emphasizes one’s embeddedness in a network of social relationships and that downplays one’s separateness and unique traits/accomplishments.

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4
Q

independent view of self

A

the extent to which people view the self as being separate and distinct from others and the social world.

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5
Q

introspection

A

the act of looking within yourself, why do you do what you do?

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6
Q

Nisbett and Wilson (1977)

A

halo effect, when professor was warm, he was rated highly and when he was cold the opposite was true.

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7
Q

Self perception

A

draw conclusions about ourselves through self observation

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8
Q

self perception theory

A

people determine their attitudes and preferences by interpreting the meaning of their own behavior

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9
Q

schacter-singer two factor theory of emotion

A

emotional experience is the result of a two step self-perception process: (1) experience arousal, (2) seek appropriate explanation for that arousal.

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10
Q

intrinsic motivation

A

motivation originating from within a person

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11
Q

extrinsic motivation

A

motivation originating from outside a person

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12
Q

overjustification effect

A

external incentive decreases a person intrinsic motivation to perform a behavior

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13
Q

social comparison theory

A

the idea that individuals determine their own social/personal worth based on how they stack up against others.

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14
Q

Social tuning

A

process whereby people adopt other people’s attitudes, particularly strong in situations where someone really wants to be liked.

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15
Q

self esteem

A

people have a need for high self esteem, and want to see themselves in a positive light, correlated with positive wellbeing, productiveness, and success. People with low self esteem, often find themselves caught in a vicious cycle of self defeating behavior.

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16
Q

social identity theory

A

people are motivated to maintain a positive self-concept, a significant part of our self concept derives from identifying with social groups, people strive to maintain positive self-esteem, by differentiating between the in-group and the out groups in a way that will make the in-group more attractive.

17
Q

self discrepancy theory

A

actual self – representation of attributes you actually posses. ought self – representation of attributes you believe you should posses. ideal self – representation of attributes you would ideally like to posses. Self esteem is defined by the match/mismatch between how we see ourselves (actual self) and how we want to see ourselves (self-guides). Large self discrepancies are associated with negative emotional states.

18
Q

self guide

A

specific image/standard to live up to, used for self-regulation

19
Q

self awareness

A

conscious knowledge of ones own character, feelings, motives, and desires, certain situations increase self awareness. Ex: mirrors, cameras, etc.

20
Q

self awareness theory

A

noticing ourselves and our behavior leads us to judging our behavior according to our internal standards.

21
Q

self-enhancement

A

strategy for protecting self esteem, made of 4 strategies: (1) basking in reflected glory – to raise our self esteem we often bask in reflected glory by associating with others that are successful and distance ourselves form others who fail or are of low status. (2) self serving cognitions – self serving bias, positive illusions, self deception or self enhancement to feel good. (3) self handicapping – behaviors designed to sabotages ones own performance in order to provide a subsequent excuse for failure. (4) downward social comparison – making comparisons with other people’s worse lives.

22
Q

sandbagging

A

downplaying own ability/success