Self & Identity Flashcards
(27 cards)
what is self concept?
a set of beliefs we have about ourselves
- traits
- attitudes
- wishes , aspirations
- social identity
- social role
- evaluations of self
- emotional states
- physical features
Where does self concept come from?
- intrapersonal factors
- feedback & reaction from others
- social comparison
- social group membership
What is introspection?
self becomes a target of our perceptions, distinction between I and ME
What is self perception?
learn about ourselves by learning our own behaviour, usually in ambiguous or uncertain situations
What is attribution?
what made me this way?
dispositional - i helped because i am generous
contextual - i helped because i was the nearest person
What is self enhancement?
tendency to achieve a high self esteem
What is self serving attribution bias?
take credit for success but refuse responsibility for failures
What is the main process of attribution and how we see ourselves?
influence, comparison and identification
Influence - feedback from others
- direct influence
- socialisation
- what important people in our life tell us
- activities we do
- subtle influence
- how people react to what we say, how we look
- glass self and symbolic interactionism
Social Comparison
- we compare our qualities, perception, attitudes with others with same dimension
- usually when there is no standards
- style, being cool etc
- choose similar others
Social Identity
- personal - i or me
- social - we or us
- a unique individual vs our self that is shared with others
Categorisation
giving the social world different social categories that meaningfully capture our shared relationship to that structure
Identification
the process which we define ourselves as a member of a group, combine categories with values and beliefs
Social comparison
categories form with comparison with others in our social context
Social differentiation
differentiate ourselves to other groups, which is seen as a ‘positive social identity’
What are the consequences of social identification?
- shift from individual to group behaviour
- group level psychology and behaviour as qualitatively distinct
Personality identity
people will be perceived and will interact in terms of their individuality and social interaction will be inter-personal
Social identity
people will be perceived as group members and social groups will be intergroup
Self Categorisation Theory
- SIT is not SCT
- SIT is a theory of intergroup conflict
- SCT- generic theory based on group behaviour
- both fall within ‘social identity approach’
SCT provides…..
- definition of social cognitive processes of group behaviour
- analysis that develops from SIT
SCT also provides…..
a theoretical framework for understanding -how groups function
-how group processes are affected by and tied to intergroup conflict
SCT is…..
- how people influence how i self categorise myself
- how i categorize myself may influence how i relate to the social context.
A process model of self
- what we are, the way we think and the way we behave
- product of position within specific framework of social relations
- these can remain static
- these can change and when they do -
- so does the nature of the category that defines the self
- therefore what can and does become normative for the social group to which the categorisation refers
What can SIT and SCT help us understand and explain?
Health -
- health related behaviour shaped by the information we receive from others - crucial to understand when and why this information is taken or not at face value.
- whether or not we give useful social support to others depends on the identity based relationships between those who give support and those who receive it.
- mental health prevention
