Self Study Cards Flashcards
Cards created by reading the Rita Mulcahy 9th Edition PMP Exam Prep book. (290 cards)
1
Q
When are contingency reserves for schedule allocated?
A
For remaining identified risks after the plan risk responses process.
2
Q
When should team building begin in the life of the project?
A
It should begin early on.
3
Q
Forward pass path convergence must use which early finish value to calculate the float?
A
The later of them
4
Q
I just completed a JAD Session, where am I?
A
Collect Requirements
5
Q
What is 2 Sigma?
A
95.46%
6
Q
What is the Triangular Distribution formula?
A
(P + M + O)/3
7
Q
A PMO that provides policies, methodologies, templates, best practice training, and lessons learned from other projects is what type of PMO?
A
Supportive
8
Q
What type of breakdown structure can be used to assign work packages to divisions or departments in the organization?
A
An Organizational Breakdown Structure
9
Q
When is risk data quality assessment done?
A
During perform qualitative risk analysis.
10
Q
Ambiuity (lack of understanding) and Variability (inability to predict changes) are categories of, what?
A
Non-event risks
11
Q
Define the schedule compression technique fast tracking.
A
A technique used to compress a schedule where activities done in sequence are done in parallel.
12
Q
The backward pass uses what duation value as the late finish of the last activity in the network?
A
Critical Path Duration
13
Q
When, in quality, is root cause analysis used?
A
During the Manage Quality and Control Quality processes.
14
Q
What creates a formal record of a project?
A
The Project Charger
15
Q
What is the conflict resolution technique does not result in a permanent or complete resolution of a conflict?
A
Smoothing or accomodating.
16
Q
Which type of organization is best for managing complex projects?
A
Matrix (Cross-disciplinary means the project covers more than one department or technical area of expertise. In such a case, a matrix organization is needed, with representatives from each department or discipline)
17
Q
(Exam remembering) What is manage quality?
A
Are we following the policies as planned?
18
Q
Name the categories of non-event risks.
A
Ambiuity (lack of understanding); and
Variability (inability to predict changes)
19
Q
In terms of manage communications, what is an Earned Value Report?
A
A report that integrates scope, cost, and schedule measurements to assess project performance.
20
Q
Legal restrictions is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
A
External
21
Q
In a RACI, how many people or resources can be marked “A” (accountable)?
A
Only one; this helps avoid confusion about who is ultimately in charge or has authority for the work.
22
Q
When does a Project Manager use/look at a work performance report?
A
The work performance report should be used when information is needed to make decisions, raise issues, initiate actions or gain awareness of the project status.
23
Q
What are risk audits?
A
Assessments of the overall process of risk management on the project.
24
Q
What are risk triggers?
A
Early warning signs that a risk event has occurred, or is about to occur. They letrisk owners know when to take action.
25
A lead is shown as what type of relationship?
Finish-to-start
26
What is defined as a framework that guides portfolio, program, and project management to achieve the organization's strategic goals.
Organizational project management (OPM)
27
This reserve type is not included in the schedule baseline.
Management Reserves.
28
Employee capability is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
Internal
29
A RACI is a type of what matrix?
A Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM).
30
A predictive development lifecycle is what kind of life cycle?
Plan-driven.
31
You don't have a lot of experience or historical info, what kind of estimating do you use?
Triangular
32
What is the definition of a project?
A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result - with a beginning and an end.
33
Before being baselined, requirements need to be, what?
Unambiguous (measurable and testable)
34
Infrastructure is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
Internal
35
The work performed to deliver a product, service, or result is called, what?
The Project Scope
36
In terms of quality, where should design and technical specifications come from?
From a technical expert, such as an engineer.
37
Define the **analogous** estimating technique.
It is an estimating technique in that uses expert judgement and historical information to predict the future.
38
What is a **Control Account**?
A management control point where scope, budget, actual cost, and schedule are integrated and compared to earned value for performance measurement.
39
Able to inspire, high-energy, enthusiastic, self-confident is what type of leadership style.
Charasmatic
40
A PMO with a high level of control is what type of PMO?
Directive
41
When, in quality, are control charts used?
Control Quality
42
In terms of manage communications, what is a **Trend Report**?
A report that examines project results over time to see if performance is improving or deteriorating.
43
What is the definition of a portfolio?
A group of programs, individual projects, and related operational work to achieve a specific strategic business goal
44
Someone who will be impacted by or can influence the project is called, what?
Stakeholder
45
**Someone** wants to make a change to the project, whats the first thing a project manager should do?
Evaluate the impact.
46
What is the range of Budget Estimate?
-10% to 25%
47
What are the type of reserves?
Management and contingency.
48
Organizational project management (OPM) is, **what**?
A framework that guides portfolio, program, and project management to achieve the organization's strategic goals.
49
When, in quality, is Mind Mapping used?
Plan Quality
50
Plans, processes, policies, and procedures, and knowledge base repositories are two categories of what?
Organizational Process Asset
51
What are the three types of PMOs?
[From least to greatest influence] they are supportive, controlling, and directive.
52
What project documents can be inputs to the collect requirements process?
Assumptions Log, Lessons Learned Register, and Stakeholder Register
53
What is an affinity diagram?
An affinity diagram organizes potential causes of defects into groups showing areas that should be focused on the most.
54
What is the difference between a checklist and a check sheet?
A checklist helps manage control quality activities in a structured manner whereas a check sheet is used to organize facts in a manner that will facilitate the collection of useful data. They are also known as tally sheets.
55
When, in quality, is Histograms used?
During the **Manage Quality** and **Control Quality** processes.
56
What is a decision tree?
A model of real situation used to make informed decisions by taking into account the associated risks, probabilities, and impacts.
57
What is 3 Sigma?
99.73%
58
What is a risk review?
A discussion of the effectiveness of planned risk responses that have been implemented on the project.
59
Aside from Project Document Updates, what is is output from the Plan Resource Management process?
Resource Management Plan and Team Charter.
60
What is the conflict resolution technique where parties openly discuss differences and try to incorporate multiple viewpoints to arrive at a concensus?
Collaborating or problem-solving.
61
What are Tuckman's ladder model stems of team formation and development?
Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning.
62
What document shows the organizational commitment to a project?
The Project Charter
63
When, in quality, is questionnaires and surveys used?
Control Quality
64
In a predictive project, validate scope occurs when?
With each deliverable or phase review
65
The role of each stakeholder is determined by, *whom*?
The project manager and the stakeholder
66
(Exam remembering) What is control quality?
Are the results of our work meeting the standard?
67
When, in quality, is document analysis used?
It is used in **Manage Quality**. Included in the "Data Analysis" tool and technique.
68
What is the formula for **EAC if the CPI or SPI influence the work**?
AC + [BAC-EV)/(CPI x SPI)]
69
Work package costs are made up of, what?
Activity Contingency Reserves and Activity Cost Estimates
70
Which resource optimization technique does not change the critical path?
Resource smoothing.
71
A tight matrix org structure is, **what**?
Is nothing; this is a distractor
72
A lag would be shown as what type of relationship?
Start-to-Start
73
What is a data representation technique that can be used during the Perform Qualitative Analysis process?
A **probability and impact matrix**.
74
Social and cultural influences and issues is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
External
75
Information technology software is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
Internal
76
What is the work performance order?
Data \> Information \> Reports
77
Marketplace conditions are what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
External
78
We are reviewing a mock-up, simulation, or computer generated models, what **tool and technique** is this **within what process**?
This is the **prototypes tool and technique** within the **Collect Requirements process**.
79
When does a Project Manager use/look at a **forecasting report**?
The forecasting report should be used when needing to review the project's future status and performance.
80
What is the outcome if a cost-benefit ratio is less than 1?
The benefit is less than the cost.
81
Backward pass path convergence must use **this** late start value of the activities?
The earlier of them
82
Verified deliverables are an output of what?
Control Quality
83
The closer in length that the critical path and near-critical paths are to one another, the **smaller or greater** the overall risk?
Greater
84
The approved version of the time-phased project budget, excluding management reserves is called what?
The Cost Baseline.
85
A silo org structure
A functional structure where projects occur within a single department.
86
What is assumption analysis?
Assessing the assumptions made on the project and determining whether they are valid.
87
When is reserve analysis done?
During the **monitor risks process**.
88
What is the the formula for EAC if accepting performance to date?
AC + (BAC - EV)
89
What is the key benefit to the Sequence Activities process?
It defines the logical sequence of work to obtain the greatest efficiency given all project constraints?
90
What are the possible risk response strategies for threats?
Avoid
Mitigate
Transfer
Escalate
Accept
91
What do "Theory X" managers believe?
People need to be watched every minute; employees are incapable, avoid responsibility, and avoid work whenever possible
92
What is the conflict resolution technique that involves finding solutions that bring some degree of satisfaction to both parties?
Compromising or reconciling.
93
A key benefit of the plan schedule management process is, what?
It provides guidance and direction on how the project schedule will be managed throughout the project.
94
What can a project manager use in order to determine quantitative probability and impact?
Expert judgement
Data gathering
Data analysis
Interpersonal and team skills
Representations of uncertainty
Cost and schedule estimating
Use of historical records
95
What is operational work?
Ongoing work to support the business and systems of the organization
96
When, in quality, is logical data model used?
Plan Quality
97
What is the purpose of a risk report?
The purpose of a risk report is to keep stakeholders apprised of risk management efforts and outcomes.
98
What is 1 Sigma?
68.27%
99
How are assumptions managed?
They are analyzed in project planning, and they are reviewed for validity and managed throughout the project.
100
What is the outcome if a cost-benefit ratio is over 1?
The benefit is greater than cost.
101
Define Net Present Value
It is present value of total benefits minus the costs over many time periods.
102
That do "Theory Y" managers believe?
People are willing to work without supervision, and want to achieve.
103
The Project Charter authorizes a project manager to do what?
Plan, execute, and control the project.
104
A person who is risk advrse is, what?
Someone who does not want to be negatively impacted by threats.
105
When, in quality, is cost of quality used?
Plan Quality Management
106
What is a **critical path**?
The **critical path** is the sequence of activities with the longest path through a project, which determines the shortest possible project duration.
107
Who is a risk owner?
Each risk must be assigned to someone who will help lead the development of the risk response and who will be assigned to carry out the risk response or "own" the risk.
108
Determining corrective or preventative actions or re-planning and following up on action plans to determine whether the actions taken resolved the performance issue is included in what process?
Controlling (of monitor and control)
109
When might work performance [things] be a tool or technique?
It isn't, they're only inputs or outputs
110
For the exam, the greater the standard deviation, the **smaller or greater** the risk?
Greater standard deviation represents greater risk.
111
What is the standard deviation formula?
(P-O)/6
112
Updates to **this document** is often an update in many planning processes.
Assumptions log
113
Concentrating on relationships, community and collaboration is in what type of leadership style?
Servant Leader
114
When, in quality, is checklist used?
Manage Quality and Control Quality
115
What is the TCPI to complete as planned?
(BAC-EV)/(BAC-AC)
116
Which estimating technique uses expert judgement and historical information to predict the future?
Analogous
117
When is assumptions analysis conducted?
During the risk management process
118
Who determines the project scope requirements of a new project?
The Stakeholders
119
The cost baseline **includes or excludes** management reserves?
Excludes
120
What are the three baselines?
Scope, Schedule, and Cost
121
What are residual risks?
Risks that remain after risk response planning.
122
Process analysis focuses on, **what**?
It focuses on identifying improvements that may be needed in processes.
123
Resource Availability is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
Internal
124
What are reserves?
Time or cost added to the project to account for risk.
125
What is risk data quality assessment?
Determining how accurate, reliable, and weel understood the risk information is.
126
A no home org structure is what kind of org structure?
A **project-oriented org structure** is where team members have no department to return to after a project is complete.
127
A functional manager meets with the project manager's sponsor to discuss a change to the acceptance criteria for a major deliverable. After the meeting, the sponsor calls the project manager into his office and tells him to make the change. What is the best thing to do?
Understand the change.
128
When, in quality, are meetings used as a tool and technique?
During the Plan Quality Management and Control Quality processes.
129
This technique is used for constructing a schedule model in which activities are represented by nodes and are graphically linked by one or more logical relationships to show the sequence in which the activities are to be performed is called, what?
Precedence diagramming model
130
This type of PMO provides project managers for different projects is what type of PMO?
Directive
131
Which resource optimization technique might change the critical path?
Resource leveling.
132
Whar is the formula for **forward pass** float?
LS-ES
133
High-level constraints are identified where and when?
In the project charter during initiating.
134
Define, in terms of quality, what **Process Analysis** is.
Process Analysis is part of the continuous improcement effort on a project and focuses on identifying improvements that might be needed in project processes.
135
When, in quality, is cost-benefit analysis used?
Plan Quality Management
136
A PMO that provides support and guidance on how to manage projects and requires compliance through various means is what type of PMO?
Controlling
137
What is the formula for EAC assuming the current rate to be the same?
BAC/CPI
138
When, in quality, are Matrix Diagrams used?"
During the Plan Quality Management and Manage Quality processes.
139
What is the purpose of a prompt list?
A **prompt list** can help a project team ientify risks to individual elements of the project as well as risks to the overall project.
140
When, in quality, is multicriteria decision analysis used?
During the **Plan Quality Management** and **Manage Quality** processes.
141
When, in quality, are flowcharts used?
During the **Plan Quality Management** and **Manage Quality** processes.
142
Focusing on goals, feedback, and accomplishment to determine rewards is what type of leadership style?
Transactional
143
Name the risk categories
External
Internal
Technical
Commercial
Unforseeable
*Mnemonic - Education In Technology, Communicates Unknowns*
144
What is the accuracy level of the Rough Order of Magnitude?
Low/not very accurate
145
Existing facilities, equipment, organizational telecommunications channels, information technology hardware, availability, and capacity is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
Internal
146
Whar is the formula for **backward pass** float?
LF - EF
147
What is the accuracy level of Definitive Estimate?
Very refined and accurate
148
Existing human resources expertise, skills, competencies, and specialized knowledge is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
Internal
149
Work Performance Information is an output of what processes?
All monitor and control processes *except* those in the integration knowledge area.
150
When, in quality, are scatter diagrams used?
During the Manage Quality and Control Quality processes.
151
What are the methodical steps to deal with problem solving?
**Identify** the real or problem.
**Define** the problem and break it into manageable pieces.
**Investigate** and collect data.
**Analyze** or find the root cause of the problem.
**Solve** the issue by choosing the suitable solution.
**Check** the solution and determine if the problem has been fixed.
152
When are most risks identified?
When are new ones added?
During Identify Risks
During Monitor Risks
153
A PMO with a low level of control is what type of PMO?
Supportive
154
When, in quality, are cause-and-effect diagrams used?
**Manage Quality** and **Control Quality**
155
What else is generated or outputed with the Project Charter?
The Assumptions Log
156
The project team determines which dependencies are, **what**?
Mandatory or discretionary
157
What are the key outpuTs to the Plan Procurement Management process?
Bid documents
Change requests
Independent cost estimates
Make-or-buy decisions
OPA updates
Procurement management plan
Procurement statement of work
Procurement strategy
Project document updates
Source selection criteria
158
A leader who demonstrates commitment to serve and put other other people first is what type of leadership style?
Servant Leader
159
What is the difference of Plan, Manage, and Control Quality?
* **Plan Quality** defines how we will ensure quality
* **Manage Quality** asks "are we following the policies as planned?"
* **Control Quality** asks "are the results of our work meeting the standard?"
160
What are the dependency types?
There are four types: Mandatory, Discretionary, External, and Internal.
161
Which IRR is better?
The higher the better
162
The sponsor's role on a project is best described as, *what*?
Helping to prevent unnecessary changes to project objectives.
163
Which Organizational Process Asset (OPA) type can be updated throughout the project with project information?
Organizational Knowledge Repositories (PMBOK 2.3)
164
When, in quality, is Design for X used?
During Manage Quality. Using the DfX may result in cost reduction, quality improvement, better performance, and customer satisfaction.
Additionally, a set of technical guidelines that may be applied during the design phase of a product to optimize specific aspects of the design
165
What are contingency plans?
Plans describing the specific actions that will be taken if the opportunity or threat occurs.
166
What is the range of Definitive Estimate?
+/- 10%
167
This is a frequent input to planning processes.
The Assumptions Log
168
Define **Resource Smoothing**.
A technique that adjusts the timing of activities so that the requirements for resources on the project do not exceed predefined limits.
169
What are the possible risk response strategies for opportunities?
Exploit
Enhance
Share
Escalate
Accept
170
What is the outcome if a cost-benefit ratio is 1?
The benefit is as much as the cost.
171
(Exam remembering) What is plan quality?
How will we ensure quality?
172
What is the conflict resolution technique involves making some concessions and emphasizes agreement rather than differences of opinions?
Smoothing or accomodating.
173
When, in quality, is inspection used?
Control Quality
174
An estimating technique that is a generally accepted rule or best practice is called what?
Heuristics
175
What risk management activities are done during the execution of the project?
Watching out for watch-listed (noncritical) risks that increase in importance, and looking for new risks; implement contingency plans if triggers are about to/are occurring.
176
Approved change requests are outputs to what processes?
Direct and manage project work, control quality, and control procurements.
177
Geographic distribution of facilities and resources is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
Internal
178
Empowering followers through idealized attributes and behaviors is what kind of leadership style?
Transformational
179
Define **overall project risk**.
The effect of uncertainty on the project as a whole, arising from all sources of uncertainty including individual risks.
180
(This) type of reserve is included in the schedule baseline.
Contingency
181
The accountability of project integration management may be delegated to whom?
No one, it cannot be delegated or transferred from a Project Manager.
182
What is sensitivity analysis?
A technique to analyze and compare the potential impacts of identified risks.
183
The amount of funds available for a company to invest in projects is called, *what*?
Working capital.
184
Government or industry standards is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
External
185
Define **resource histogram**.
A bar chart showing the amount of time that a resource is scheduled to work over a series of time periods.
186
What is the purpose of Monte Carlo analysis?
It is used to simulate the cost or schedule results of the project.
187
When, in quality, are performance reviews used?
Control Quality
188
In terms of manage communications, what is a variance report?
A variance report compares actual results to baselines.
189
Leadership is secondary and emerges after service is what kind of leadership style?
Servant Leader
190
If a project manager focuses on ensuring that the project satisfies the needs for which it was undertaken, the project manager is involved in, *what*?
Quality Management
191
What is the heuristic rule for WBS work packages in large projects?
300 hours.
192
What are some examples of risk identification techniques?
Brainstorming
Checklist analysis
Interviewing
Root Cause Analysis
Assumption analysis
Constraint analysis
SWOT analysis
Deocumentation reviews
Prompt lists
Facilitation
193
A PMO with a moderate level of control is what kind of PMO?
Controlling
194
Defined Resource Leveling.
Resource Leveling is a technique where start and finish dates are adjusted based on resource constraints to balance the demand of resources with available supply. *It simply answers the question ‘With the resources available, when will the work be finished?’*
195
In a predictive project, control scope occurs when?
It is ongoing.
196
What are fallback plans?
Actions that will be taken if the continency plan is not effective.
197
When does a Project Manager use/look at a **variance report**?
The variance report should be used when needing to compare the project's actual results to its baselines.
198
Name the three (tested) org structure types
Functional, Matrix, and Project Oriented
199
What is the team of people that help the PM perform project management functions?
Project Management Team
200
What is the accuracy level of Budget Estimate?
Medium accuracy
201
When, in quality, is test and inspection planning used?
Plan Quality Management
202
Collecting, measuring, and assessing measurements and trends to effect process improvement is included in what process?
Monitoring (of monitoring and controlling)
203
What type of breakdown structure can be used to assign work packages by type of resource?
Resource Breakdown Structure
204
What is the definition of a program?
A group of interrelated projects, managed in a coordinated way
205
The key benefit of this process is that it provides guidance and direction on how the project schedule will be managed throughout the project.
Plan Schedule Management
206
When archives are completed, a project may, what?
Be considered closed.
207
What is the PERT formula?
(P+4M+O)/6
208
Someone who focused on other peoples growth, learning, development, autonomy, and well-being is what type of leadership style?
Servant Leader
209
What is the formula for expected monetary value (EMV)?
Probability X Impact
210
What makes up control account budgets?
Work Package Costs and Contingency reserves
211
What document defines how the project is executed, monitored, and controlled?
The Project Management Plan.
212
Financial considerations are what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
External
213
Your project has increased cost and low morale, what might be a factor?
Poor quality
214
The two manager org structure is what kind of org structure?
A matrix org structure is where team members report to the project manager and functional manager.
215
When does a Project Manager use/look at an **earned value report**?
The earned value report should be used when needing to assess the project's performance based on its scope, cost, and schedule measures.
216
This estimating technique uses expert judgement and historic information is what kind of estimating?
Analogous (top down) estimating
217
When are affinity diagrams used?
During the **Manage Quality** process.
218
The project management team determines which dependents are, what?
External or internal
219
In terms of **manage communications**, what is a Status Report?
This report describes where the project currently stands in relation to the performance measurment baseline.
220
The longest duration path through a network diagram is, what?
Critical Path
221
Work Performance Information is an Input, when?
During the Monitor and Control Project Work process.
222
Academic research is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
External
223
A combination of transactional, transformational, and charismatic leadership styles is what type of style?
Interactional
224
When, in quality, is testing and product evaluations used?
Control Quality
225
When, in quality, are interviews used?
Plan Quality
226
What is the conflict resolution technique where parties retreat or postpone on a problem?
Withdrawal or avoidance.
227
What's the principle reason for a Pareto Chart?
Focus attention on the most critical issues.
228
What is a Risk Breakdown Structure
An organizational of hierarchial chart that can help identify and document risk categories.
229
What are three ways a project, in terms of quality, may be out of control?
1. Several data points fall on the same side of the mean within the control limit, or
2. a data point falls outside of the upper or lower control limit, or
3. there are nonrandom datapoints on one side of the mean (Rule of Seven)
230
When, in quality, is statistical sampling used?
Control Quality
231
When, in quality, are check sheets used?
Control Quality
232
Currency exchange rates, interest rates, inflation rates, tariffs, and geographic location is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
External
233
This project **person** cannot make or enforce decisions.
Project Expediter
234
What data analysis technique determines which risks have the most impact on projects?
Sensitivity analysis
235
Name the development life cycles?
Adaptive, Hybrid, Predictive, Iterative, and Incremental. *Androids hate pretty interesting insects.*
236
Codes of conduct, ethics, and perceptions is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
External
237
What is the conflict resolution technique involves pushing one viewpoint at the expense of another?
Forcing or directing.
238
Commercial databases are what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
External
239
Work Performance Data is an input to what processes and what process group?
All processes in Monitoring and Controlling except perform integrated change control.
240
What is the heuristic rule for WBS work packages in small projects?
4-40 hours.
241
When is assumption analysis done?
During **identify risks**.
242
What are secondary risks?
New risks created by the implementation of risk response strategies.
243
In terms of manage communications, what is the difference between a **Status Report** and a **Progress Report**?
The **status report** describes where the project currently stands in relation to the performance measurement baseline whereas a **progress report** describes what has been accomplished.
244
When, in quality, is alternatives analysis used?
Manage quality
245
What are the two levels of risk?
Individual and overall project risk.
246
Which Organizational Process Asset (OPA) type is typically not updated throughout a project.
Processes, Policies, and Procedures (PMBOK 2.3)
247
In terms of manage communications, what is a progress report?
A progress report describes what has been accomplished.
248
When is trend analysis a tool and technique?
Trend analysis is a tool and technique in closing and all "controlling" processes except quality.
249
What is the Rule of Seven?
It is when there are seven consecutive data points on one side of the mean.
250
Cost, schedule, and quality planning are based on, **what**?
Requirements
251
Name the project selection categories.
Benefit Measurement and Constrained Optimization.
252
What is the most common source of conflict in projects?
Schedules
253
When an organization is in the process of procurement, it can either prepare its own cost estimates or have an outside professional estimator prepare a cost estimate. This estimate is known as what **kind of estimate**?
Benchmark extimate (PMBOK 12.1.3.7)
254
Define the schedule compression technique **crashing**.
A technique used to shorten the schedule by adding resources.
255
What is the purpose of the Resource Management Plan?
It provides guidance on how project resources should be categorized, allocated, managed, and released.
256
When, in quality, is bench-marking used?
Plan Quality Management
257
What is the difference between a project team and a project management team?
A project team is a group of people, including the project manager, who will complete the work of the project. A project management team is a group of project team members selected by the project manager to help perform some project management activities.
258
What are the inputs to the risk management process?
Project Charter
Project Management Plan
Project Documents
EEFs
OPAs
Agreements
Procurement documentation
work performance data and reports
259
In terms of the Project Quality Management Knowledge Area, why is cost-benefit analysis used in plan quality management?
To estimate the strengths and weaknesses of alternatives in order to determine the best alternative in terms of benefits provided.
260
Smaller ranges usually mean **greater/least** risk?
Least
261
What is opportunity cost?
The opportunity cost is simply the value of the project(s) the organization did not select.
262
These activities have zero float
Critical path activities
263
Organizational culture, structure, and governance is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
Internal
264
Working conditions, weather, and constraints is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
External
265
Work Performance Data is an output of what processes from what process groups?
Direct and Manage Project Work of the Executing process group.
266
What kind of float must be addressed before a project begins?
Negative float on the critical path
267
An unplanned response to an event that is occuring is called a, what?
Workaround
268
What is the TCPI formula to complete at the current rate?
(BAC-EV)/(BAC-AC)
269
What is the range of the Rough Order of Magnitude?
-25% to 75%
270
Management by exception is what type of leadership style?
Transactional
271
What is the heuristic rule for WBS work packages in medium projects?
8-80 hours.
272
When, in quality, is process analysis used?
Manage Quality
273
The difference between the cost baseline and the cost budget can be best described as, *what*?
Management reserves.
274
Which motivational theory uses the concept of Theory X and Theory Y?
MgGregor
275
If you have poor quality, what might you also have?
1. Increased cost,
2. decreased profits,
3. low morale,
4. low stakeholder satisfaction,
5. rework, and
6. increased risk
276
What is the beta distribution formula?
(P + 4M + O)/6
277
The key benefit of **this process** provides the amount of time that each activity will take to complete.
Estimate Activity Duration
278
The longest path (or critical path) usually has the **least or greatest** amount of float?
**Least amount,** usually zero.
279
This project **person** can make some decisions.
Project coordinator
280
When, in quality, is problem solving used as a tool and technique?
During the Manage Quality process.
281
Role, Authority, Responsibility, and Competence are found in what section of what project document?
These are found in the roles and responsibilities section of the Resource Management Plan.
282
In terms of manage communications, what is a forecasting report?
A report that predicts future project status and performance.
283
Physical environmental elements is what kind of Enterprise Environmental Factor?
External
284
Which **conflict** **resolution technique** is usually the best answer choice? What is the second?
**Collaborating or problem-solving** and **compromising or reconciling**.
285
What is the Present Value formula?
PV = FV/(1-Rate)^Interval
286
The issue log is first output during which process and process group?
Direct and Manage Project Work of the Executing process group.
287
After being baselined, how can a project management plan be changed or revised?
Only through the perform integrated change control process can a baseline or project management plan be revised.
288
What is reserve analysis?
Checking to see how much reserve remains and how much might be needed.
289
**True or False**. Activities on the critical path have float?
FALSE
290
*The degree to which the project fulfills the requirements* is defined as, **what**?
Quality
