Semester 1 Flashcards
(145 cards)
1
Q
List muscles in thenar compartment
A
oppens pollicis, adductor pollicis, abductor pollicis, FPB
2
Q
List muscles in hypothenar compartment
A
abductor, flexor, oppens digiti minimi
3
Q
How many lumbricals?
A
4
4
Q
What are the lumbricals origin?
A
off each FDP tendon
5
Q
How many interossei in hand?
A
4 dorsal & 3 palmar
6
Q
Action of palmar interossei?
A
Adducts (PAD)
7
Q
Action of doral interossei?
A
Abducts (DAB)
8
Q
List contents of Axilla
A
neurovascular bundle, axillary lymph nodes
9
Q
Boundaries of Axilla
A
ant: pec muscles, post: lat dorsi, tere mj, subscupularis lat: humerus med: serrratus ant, ribs
10
Q
List superficial veins of hand and upper limb
A
Dorsal plamar arch, cephalic, basilic, medial cubital
11
Q
Name artery that lies under clavicle
A
Subclavian a.
12
Q
Name artery that continues subclavian a. to chest wall and shoulder
A
Axillary a.
13
Q
Name arteries that continue off axillary a. along med side of arm and around humerus
A
Brachial a. and humeral circumflex arteries
14
Q
Name the 2 arteries that branch off brachial a.
A
Radial and Ulnar a.
15
Q
Name area formed ulnar and radial a. meet
A
superficial and deep palmar arches
16
Q
Name nerve that wraps around humerus surgical neck via quadranglar space
A
Axillary
17
Q
Name nerve that pierces coracobrachialis descends between biceps and brachialis
A
Muscocutaneous
18
Q
Name nerve that runs posterior side of humerus along radial groove
A
Radial
19
Q
Name nerve that passes through cubital fossa, peirces pronator teres and enters carpal tunnel
A
Median
20
Q
Name nerve that passes posteriorly to medial epicondyle continue to ulna over carpal tunnel towards pinkie
A
Ulnar
21
Q
Name 6 pulse sites along arm, forearm and hand
A
axillary, mid arm, cubital fossa, medial and lateral distal forearm, snuffbox
22
Q
Name 8 carpal bones
A
Pisiform, tiquetral, lunate, scaphoid, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
23
Q
Classify superior radio-ulnar joint (proximal)
A
Pivot joint
24
Q
Classify intermediate radio-ulnar joint
A
fibrous (interosseous membrane)
25
Classify inferior radio-ulnar joint (distal)
ellipsoidal joint
26
List the 8 bones in cranium
temporal (2), occipital, frontal, parietal (2), sphenoid, ethmoid
27
Locate maxillas (2)
form upper jaw and lower parts of eye sockets
28
Locate zygomatic bones (2)
form prominence of cheek
29
Name the ear ossicles
malleus, incus, stapes
30
Name paranasal sinuses
maxillary, frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal
31
Locate temporomandibular joint
between condylar process(mandible) and mandibular fossa (temporal)
32
Classify temporomandibular joint
modified hinge
33
Name nerve that innervates muscles of facial expression
C7
34
Locate orbicularis occuli and its action
around eyelid (palpebral) and around eye socket (orbital). A: soft and hard blink
35
Locate orbicularis oris and its action
around mouth A: closing, pursing lips
36
Locate buccinator and its action
wall of cheek A: blow and suck
37
Locate risorius and its action
over partoid glad A: stretching lips, fixed grin
38
zygomaticus major and minor action
smiling
39
Levator anguli oris action
smiling
40
Depressor anguli oris action
sad look
41
depressor labii inferiorus action
lowering lower lip
42
mentalis action
raising chin and protrude lower lip
43
platysma action
raise neck skin and grimacing
44
List branches of C7 nerve
temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal, madibular, cervical
45
List nerve that innervate muscles of mastification and sensation of face
C5
46
List masseter origin and insertion
O: zygomatic arch I: angle and ramus of mandible
47
Name masseter action
A: elevate mandible
48
List temporalis origin and insertion
O: temporal fossa I: coronoid process
49
Name action of temporalis
A: elevates and retracts mandible
50
Name superficial muscles of lateral neck
platsyma, sternocleidomastoid, trapezius
51
State origin and insertion of Sternocleidomastoid
O: maunbrium (sternal head) & medial 1/3 clavicle (clavicular head) I: mastoid process
52
State action of sternocleidomastoid
A: unilateral: lateral flexion & rotate head to same side, bilateral: extension head while flexion of lower C spine
53
State borders of posterior triangle of anterior neck
ant: posterior border of SCM post: anterior border of traps inf: mid 1/3 of clavicle Floor: some of scalenes
54
What muscles does the brachial plexus pass through
scalene muscles
55
State borders of anterior triangle of anterior neck
lat: SCM superior: mandible med: midline thyroid cartilage, hyoid bone, trachea
56
State contents of anterior triangle of anterior neck
thyroid, pharynx & oesophagus, larynx & trachea, carotoid a. , internal jugular v. , vagus nerve
57
State 3 parts of sternum
manubrium, body , xiphoid process
58
Which ribs are atypical?
1, 2, 10, 11, 12
59
Which ribs are true?
1-7
60
which ribs are false?
8-10
61
Which ribs are floating?
11-12
62
What is a costovertebral joint and its classification?
Between ribs and vertebrae, has separate synovial compartments
63
What is a sternocostal joint and its classsification?
Between sternum and ribs, fibrous or synovial
64
What is a interchondral joint?
Between costal cartilages of false ribs
65
What is a costotranverse joint?
Between transverse process and rib
66
What is a costochondral joint?
Between ribs and costal cartilages
67
State action of external intercostal muscles
A: elevate ribs
68
State action of internal intercostal muscles
A: depress ribs
69
State origin and insertion of transverse thoracis
O: sternum I: ribs and costal cartilages
70
State action of transverse thoracis
A: depress ribs
71
State 3 openings of diaphragm and their levels
Inf vena cava: T8 Oesophagus: T10 Aorta: T12
72
State muscles in active inspiration
scalenes, SCM, serratus ant, lat dorsi, pec mj, diaphragm, external intercostals
73
what occurs in passive inspiration and expiration
passive elastic recoil of lungs, rib cage & diaphragm
74
State muscles in active expiration
internal intercostals, rectus ab, external/internal oblique, transverse abdominus
75
Where do internal thoracic arteries and veins travel?
close proximity to sternum/ internal anterior chest wall
76
State origin of rectus abdominus
O: pubic symphysis, pubic crest
77
State action of rectus abdominus
A: trunk flexion, compress ab viscera, expiration
78
State origin and insertion of external obliques
O: ribs 5-12 I: pubic tubercle, linea alba, iliac crest
79
State action of obliques
bilateral contraction: flexes VC, unilateral contraction: flex trunk to same side
80
State origin and insertion of internal obliques
O: thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament I: rib 10-12, linea alba, pubis
81
State origin and insertion of transverse abdominus
O: iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, ribs 6-12 I: pubis symphysis, linea alba
82
State origin psoas major
O: T12-L5
83
State origin of Iliacus
O: iliac fossa
84
State action of psoas major and iliacus
A: flex hip
85
State 3 bones of pelvis
illium, pubis, ischium
86
Locate anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
anterior extremity of iliac crest
87
Locate inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
Just inferior to ASIS
88
Locate posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)
Above buttock
89
What is the acetabulum
Socket of pelvis where femur sits and articulates with
90
What is the linea aspera
rough ridge that runs down shaft of femur posteriorly
91
What is the pubic symphysis
cartilage that joins the two pubis bones
92
Classify hip joint
synovial, ball and socket
93
Name movements at hip joint
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, external/lateral rotation, internal/lateral rotation
94
Name hip flexor muscles
Psoas major, iliacus, rectus femoris, sartorius
95
State insertion of psaos major and iliacus
I: lesser torchanter
96
The medial hip compartment is also known as the ______ compartment
adductor compartment
97
Name muscles in medial thigh compartment
gracilis, pectineus, adductor magnus, longus, brevis
98
Name muscles in gluteal region
Gluteius maximus, minimus. medius, TFL, 6 smaller lateral rotators
99
State muscles that abduct and medially rotate hip
TFL, glute medius & minimus
100
Name the one extensor in the gluteal reagion
glute maximus
101
State origin gluteus maximus
O: sacrotuberous lig, gluteal surface of illium, posterolateral sacrum & coccyx, gluteal fascia
102
State insertion of gluteus maximus
I: gluteal tuberosity, TFL
103
State origin and insertion of gluteus medius
O: gluetal surface (illium) I: lateral aspect of greater trochanter
104
State origin and insertion of gluteus minimus
O: gluteal surface (illium) I: anterolateral aspect of greater torchanter
105
Name muscles in anterior compartment of thigh
vastus medialis, lateralis, intermedialis, rectus femoris, articularis genus
106
State action of the anterior compartment of the thigh
knee joint extension
107
State origin of vastus medialis
O:med aspect of linea aspera
108
State origin of vastus lateralis
O: greater trochanter and linea aspera
109
State origin of vastus intermedialis
O: linea aspera and anterior femur
110
State origin of rectus femoris
O: AIIS & ilium near acetubulum
111
State insertion of quadriceps
I: tibial tuberosity
112
State the two actions of rectus femoris
A: flexion of hip joint & extension of knee joint
113
State origin and insertion of sartorius
O: ASIS I: med to tibial tuberosity
114
Name the hamstring muscles
semitendinosus, semimembranous, bicep femoris
115
State origin of semitendinosus and semimembranous
O: ischial tuberosity
116
State insertion of semitendinosus and semimembranous
I: medial tibia at goose foot & near goose foot
117
State origin of bicep femoris
O: ischial tuberosity (long head), linea aspera (short head)
118
State action of hamstring muscles
A: flexion of knee joint (primarily), help glute max extend hip
119
What occurs at the lateral compartment of the thigh
thickening of TFL
120
State borders of femoral triangle
Base: inguinal ligament, lat: sartorius, med: adductor longus Apex: sartorius meets adductor longus, Floor: pectineus, iliopsoas
121
State contents of femoral triangle
Femoral NAVEL
122
Name the 7 tarsal bones
navicular, cuboid, calenus, talus, cuneiforms (3)
123
What joint produces actions inversion and eversion
subtalar joint
124
State the role of cruciate ligaments
prevents femur moving too far forwards or backwards on tibia
125
State the role of collateral ligaments
prevent knee bending side to side
126
Classify talocural (ankle) joint
modified hinge joint
127
State role of extensor retinaculum
bind extensor tendons before and after they pass front of ankle
128
Name the posterior muscles in superficial layer of leg
Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris
129
State gastrocnemis origin
O: the 2 epicondyles (2 heads)
130
State origin of soleus
O: med border of tibia, head and posterior border of fibula
131
State insertion of posterior superficial muscles of leg
I: calcaneus via achilles tendon
132
Name muscles in deep in posterior leg
popliteal, flexor halluics longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior
133
State insertion of flexor hallucis longus
I: hallucis
134
State insertion of flexor digitorum longus
I: toes
135
State insertion of tibialis posterior
I: navicular bone
136
State action produced by posterior leg
A: plantar flexion
137
Name muscles in anterior compartment of leg
Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longis, externsor digitorum longus,
138
State insertion of tibialis anterior
I: medial cunieform bone, base of metatarsal 1
139
State action produced by anterior compartment of leg
A: dorsi flexion & inversion
140
Name muscles in lateral compartment of leg
fibularis (peroneus) longus & brevis
141
State insertion of fibularis brevis
5th metatarsal
142
State insertion of fibularis longus
I: metatarsal 1, medial cuneiform bone
143
State action produced from lateral compartment of leg
A: eversion
144
State borders of popliteal fossa
Upper: hamstrings Lower: gastrocnemius Roof: fascia Floor: femur, popliteus
145
State rectus abdominus insertion
I: xiphoid process, costal cartilages 5-7
