Semester 1 Final

Question 0

Bouchard et all

Answer 0

Correlational study

Nature v. nurture

Question 1

Brain plasticity

Answer 1

The ability of the brain to adapt to it’s environment in order to survive

Question 2

Marmont

Answer 2

White hall study; higher you are = less stress; lower = diabetes, mental health issues, heart disease, stress risk is higher

Question 3

Endocrine system

Answer 3

Manufactures hormones, secretes hormones, controls growth, controls metabolism

Question 4

Hawthorne effect

Answer 4

When a participant anticipates the aim of the researcher and skews their results to help the researcher

Question 5

Blind sight

Answer 5

People cannot see one side (field) regarding due to anatomical brain changes

Question 6

William James

Answer 6

1st American psychologist

Father of functionalism

Question 7

Functionalism

Answer 7

Can’t understand human behavior by breaking it down; understanding how separate parts work together to create the human experience

Question 8

Reductionist

Answer 8

Breaking something down to the smallest form

Question 9

Sigmund Freud

Answer 9

Medical doctor background

Psychodynamic perspective

Question 10

Psychodynamic

Answer 10

To understand human behavior you have to understand the unconscious mind and emphasis on the role of explaining early childhood experiences to explain human behavior

Question 11

Eric Erison

Answer 11

Studied with Freud; separated b/c Freud focused too much on sex

Question 12

Behaviorism

Answer 12

Human behavior is best understood by understanding the environment

Question 13

Pavlov and B.F. Skinner

Answer 13

Behaviorist

Question 14

Albert Andura, Aaron Beck, Albert Ellis

Answer 14

Humanism

Question 15

Humanism

Answer 15

Individuals behavior is a result of self esteem, self identity, and reaching their own potential

Question 16

2 subdivisions of the nervous system

Answer 16

Central and peripheral nervous systems

Question 17

Central nervous system is composed of..

Answer 17

Brain and spinal cord

Question 18

Neuron

Answer 18

Nerve cell

Question 19

Peripheral system is composed of…

Answer 19

Nerves that run all over the body

Question 20

Neurons are made of…

Answer 20

Axon and dendrite

Question 21

Axon

Answer 21

Have fibers that extend away from the neuron; send message away

Question 22

Dendrite

Answer 22

Receive information

Question 23

Synapse

Answer 23

End of signal lines = terminals

Question 24

Name 3 different types of neurons

Answer 24

Motor, sensory, and interneurons

Question 25

Sensory neurons

Answer 25

Send info from sensory to central nervous system

Question 26

Motor neurons

Answer 26

Send signals from brain to muscles

Question 27

Inter neurons

Answer 27

Neurons housed waiting central nervous system

Question 28

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 28

Controls involuntary reactions; made up of sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 29

Sympathetic

Answer 29

Alerts body (fight or flight)

Question 30

Parasympathetic

Answer 30

Calms the body; regulate energy source use

Question 31

Mylen sheath

Answer 31

Protects axons and dendrites so messages can quickly be sent

Question 32

Somatic nervous system

Answer 32

Branch of peripheral; conveys information from muscles to the nervous system and skin

Question 33

Neuro transmitter

Answer 33

Chemical transmitters that allow for communications to be transmitted

Question 34

Social learning theory

Answer 34

Albert bandura; one way to learn is through social experiences

Question 35

Social learning theory: | Attention

Answer 35

What you attend to or give your time to observe

Question 36

Social learning theory: | Retention

Answer 36

How you take in, retain, and form memories of observations

Question 37

Social learning theory: | Motor reproduction

Answer 37

Draw upon memory, then do it yourself

Question 38

Social learning theory: | Reinforcement

Answer 38

Behavior is valved by individual then repeated

Question 39

Cortisol

Answer 39

Stress hormone; glucocorticoids

Question 40

Carol shively

Answer 40

Examine monkeys social hierarchy has an effect on plaque in arteries; dominant monkeys have clear pathways

Question 41

Roseboon

Answer 41

Stress in the womb of babies in the Dutch Hunger Winter effects them negatively later in life

Question 42

Jay Giedd

Answer 42

Frontal cortex undergoes growth spurt; teenage years have large impact on brain function later in life

Question 43

Bouchard

Answer 43

70% nature 30% nurture

Question 44

Sapolsky

Answer 44

30 year baboon tribe study about stress

Question 45

Jirtle and Waterland

Answer 45

Gave pregnant mice Methol enriched foods and their babies were skinny rather than obese

Question 46

Maguire et all 2000

Answer 46

London taxi drivers Conclusion: strengthening of connections between neurons in a well used part of the brain MRI

Question 47

Brefczynski-Lewis et all 2007

Answer 47

Effects of meditation on the brain Conclusion: brain plasticity of the brains ability to actively tune out distractions were higher among experienced meditators fMRI

Question 48

Ogden 2005

Answer 48

HM had hippocampus removed to cute epilepsy; lost long term memory; Janet (CT scan) hemineglect due to tumor

Question 49

Gazzaniga

Answer 49

Severed corpus callosum and studies the two different hemispheres of the brain

Question 50

LeDoux

Answer 50

Two memory paths involving the amygdyla one is short and one is long, or direct and indirect; direct when danger

Question 51

Rozenwig, Bennett, and Diamond 1972

Answer 51

Enriched environments for rats increased brain mass and number of folds