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Honors Chemistry > Semester 1 Review > Flashcards

Semester 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Define volume, mass, and weight

A

Volume: the amount of space an object occupies
Mass: the amount of matter in an object
Weight: the force produced by gravity acting on mass

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2
Q

Define solids, liquids, and gases

A

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3
Q

Define physical & chemical properties

A

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4
Q

Give examples of physical & chemical properties

A

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5
Q

Define physical & chemical changes

A

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6
Q

Give examples of physical & chemical changes

A

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7
Q

Define reactants and products

A

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8
Q

Give evidence of chemical changes

A

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9
Q

Define accuracy & precision

A

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10
Q

Define atom

A

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11
Q

Define pure substances & mixtures

A

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12
Q

Define elements and compounds

A

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13
Q

Define molecule

A

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14
Q

What are the 2 types of mixtures?

A

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15
Q

Compound vs mixture

A

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16
Q

What are the 7 diatomic elements?

A

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17
Q

What are the methods for separating mixtures?

A

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18
Q

Define energy, heat, and temperature

A

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19
Q

Define endothermic & exothermic processes

A

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20
Q

Define theory, hypothesis, and law

A

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21
Q

What is the law of conservation of mass?

A

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22
Q

What is the law of definite proportions?

A

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23
Q

What is the law of multiple proportions?

A

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24
Q

What parts of Dalton’s atomic theory are false?

A

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25
Who discovered the electron, neutron, and proton?
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26
What did JJ Thomson & his experiment do?
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27
What did Rutherford & his experiment do?
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28
List & define/explain different models of the atom
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29
What are the 2 regions of the atom?
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30
Define atomic & mass #'s
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31
Define orbital, ground state, & excited state
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32
Define the Pauli exclusion principle
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33
Define the Aufbau principle
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34
Define Hund's rule
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35
What is the EC of Li (3e-), O (8e-), Cl (17e-)
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36
What is the shorthand EC of Pb (82e-) and Ag (72e-)
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37
What is the orbital diagram of Li (3e-), O (8e-), Sn
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38
List & describe scientists involved with creation of periodic table in order
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39
Define the law of octaves
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40
List and describe the properties of each elemental group
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41
What are the properties of metals & nonmetals?
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42
What is an alloy?
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43
How many elements are found in nature?
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44
What were the 1st elements created after the Big Band?
H & He
45
What are the elements most commonly found in living things?
C, O, H, S, P, N
46
Define transmutation & the 2 types of it
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47
Define synthetic elements
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48
List particle accelerator types
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49
Define the octet & duet rules
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50
Define ion, cation, and anion
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51
List & describe the process of ionic bonding
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52
List the properties of ionic compounds
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53
How does a covalent bond form
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54
Define molecular orbital, bond length, and bond energy
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55
How does covalent bonding affect an atom's potential energy and stability?
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56
Is energy released or taken in when a covalent bond forms?
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57
What is the correlation between bond length and bond strength?
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58
Define polar & nonpolar covalent bonds
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59
How do you know a covalent bond is polar or nonpolar?
EN value < 0.5 = NP EN value > 0.5 = P
60
Define dipole
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61
List properties of covalent compounds
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62
Define resonance
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63
What does the VSEPR theory say
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64
List and describe the different lewis structure shapes
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65
What is the percent composition formula?
(total mass of element in compound / molar mass of compound) x 100
66
What is the avg atomic mass formula?
(mass isotope 1 x decimal form of % of isotope 1) + (mass isotope 2 x decimal ...) ...
67
Define limiting reactant and excess reactant
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68
Define actual and theoretical yield
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69
What is the percent yield formula?
(actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100

Honors Chemistry (15 decks)

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