Semester 1 Review

Question 1

scalar

Answer 1

magnitude alone

Question 2

vector

Answer 2

magnitude and direction

Question 3

distance

Answer 3

“how much ground an object has covered” during its motion

example: distance = 12 meters

Question 4

displacement (d, x, or y)

Answer 4

“how far out of place an object is”

change in position

example: displacement = 0 meters

Question 5

SI unit of mass (m)

Answer 5

kilogram (kg)

Question 6

SI unit of length

Answer 6

meter (m)

Question 7

SI unit of time (t)

Answer 7

second (s)

Question 8

acceleration (a)

Answer 8

“speeding up, slowing down, or turning”

change in velocity (magnitude or direction)

Question 9

kilo- (k)

Answer 9

1000

Question 10

milli- (m)

Answer 10

1/1000th

Question 11

centi- (c)

Answer 11

1/100th

Question 12

acceleration due to gravity (g)

Answer 12

-10 m/s²

Question 13

units of acceleration (a)

Answer 13

m/s²

Question 14

units of velocity (v)

Answer 14

m/s

Question 15

linear relationship

Answer 15

y = x

Question 16

squared relationship

Answer 16

y = x^{<span>2</span>}

a.k.a. quadratic

Question 17

inverse relationship

Answer 17

y = 1/x

Question 18

inverse squared relationship

Answer 18

y = 1/x²

Question 19

velocity (v)

Answer 19

“how fast an object is moving”

displacement per unit of time

Question 20

cause of acceleration

Answer 20

net force (not 0)

Question 21

inertia

Answer 21

resistance to change in motion

an object will maintain its state of rest or motion unless acted on by an external force

Question 22

velocity of an object in free fall at its highest point

Answer 22

0 m/s

Question 23

displacement vs. time graph

Answer 23

at rest

v = 0 m/s

Question 24

displacement vs. time graph

Answer 24

constant velocity (v > 0 m/s)

Question 25

velocity vs. time graph

Answer 25

constant velocity (v \> 0 m/s) a = 0 m/s²

Question 26

velocity of an object at rest

Answer 26

0 m/s

Question 27

acceleration of an object at constant velocity

Answer 27

0 m/s²

Question 28

equations for **constant velocity** or **constant acceleration**

Answer 28

Question 29

SI unit of **force** (F)

Answer 29

**Newton** (N) -or- **kilogram-meter/second²** (kg⋅m/s²) because F = m⋅a

Question 30

SI unit of **work** (W)

Answer 30

**Joule** (J) -or- **Newton-meter** (N⋅m) because W = F⋅d

Question 31

units of **momentum** (p)

Answer 31

**kilogram-meter/second** (kg⋅m/s) because p = m⋅v -or- **Newton-second** (N⋅s) because impulse = F⋅t = Δp

Question 32

convert mass to weight

Answer 32

F = m⋅a, so **weight = mass⋅acceleration due to gravity** F_grav = m⋅g

Question 33

**mass** (m)

Answer 33

an object's amount of **physical matter**

Question 34

**weight** (F_grav)

Answer 34

the force of gravity on an object

Question 35

**normal force** (F_N)

Answer 35

a force perpendicular to the surface that supports an object

Question 36

terminal velocity

Answer 36

maximum free fall velocity reached when force of air resistance equals the force of gravity

Question 37

**power** (P)

Answer 37

how fast work is done

Question 38

SI unit of **power** (P)

Answer 38

**Watt** (W) -or- **Joule/second** (J/s) because P = W/t

Question 39

**work** (W)

Answer 39

the effect of a force that causes an object to be displaced

Question 40

**kinetic energy** (KE)

Answer 40

energy of motion if v = 0 m/s, then KE = 0 J

Question 41

**potential energy** (PE)

Answer 41

stored energy due to position above the ground if h = 0 m, then PE = 0 J

Question 42

**mechanical energy** (ME)

Answer 42

sum of kinetic energy and potential energy ME = KE + PE

Question 43

SI unit of **energy**

Answer 43

**Joule** (J)

Question 44

The total mechanical energy (TME) of an object...

Answer 44

...is conserved (unless an external force does work on it).

Question 45

The total mechanical energy (TME) of an object is changed by...

Answer 45

...work done on it by an external force.

Question 46

**elastic** collision

Answer 46

kinetic energy **is** conserved ΣKE_before = ΣKE_after momentum **is** conserved Σp_before = Σp_after

Question 47

**inelastic** collision

Answer 47

kinetic energy **is** **not** conserved momentum **is** conserved Σp_before = Σp_after

Question 48

Kinetic energy changes when...

Answer 48

...velocity changes.

Question 49

explosion

Answer 49

momentum **is** conserved Σp_before = Σp_after