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WAS semester Final Study Guide > Semester 1 Study Guide > Flashcards

Semester 1 Study Guide Flashcards

0
Q

Internal processes

A

Events that occur within (under) the earth’s surface, specifically plate tectonics.

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1
Q

Physical process

A

Weather, tectonic forces, waves freezing, thawing, gravity, soil building and the spheres

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2
Q

Circle of illumination

A

the angle at which the sun strikes the earths surface varies with season and latitude

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3
Q

Equator aq a.sz

A

An imaginary circle around the middle of the earth halfway between the North Pole and the South Pole 0 degrees latitude

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4
Q

Axis

A

An imaginary line through a body about which it rotates

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5
Q

Tropic of Capricorn

A

23 1/2 degrees south of the equator

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6
Q

Tropic of Cancer 23 1/2 degrees north of the equator

A

23 1/2 degrees north of the equator

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7
Q

Latitude

A

east - west lines parallel to the equator used to measure distance in degrees north or south of the equator

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8
Q

Longitude

A

Distance east or west of the prime meridian, used to measure distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian

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9
Q

Meridians

A

Another name for for lines of longitude

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10
Q

Parallels

A

Another name for line of latitude

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11
Q

International date line

A

A theoretical line following approximately the 180th meridian, the regions to the east of which are counted as being one day earlier in their calendar dates than the region of the west

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12
Q

Ring of fire

A

A major belt of volcanoes that rims the Pacific Ocean

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13
Q

Primary sources

A

Eyewitness accounts of history. They include letters diaries speeches and interviews

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14
Q

Secondary sources

A

Commentaries summaries reviews it interpretation of primary sources to provide new insights or historical perspectives

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15
Q

Patriarchal

A

System of society, government it family controlled by men

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16
Q

Dynasty

A

A powerful family or group of rulers that maintains its position for power for some time

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17
Q

Republic

A

A form of government in which the people select representatives to govern them and make laws

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18
Q

Empire

A

A group of states or territories controlled by one ruler

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19
Q

Monarchy

A

A form of government in which power is vested in heredity kings and queens who govern the interests of all

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20
Q

Aristocracy

A

A government in which power is in the hands of a heredity ruling class or nobility

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21
Q

Oligarchy

A

A form of government in which the power to rule is held by a small usually self appointed elite

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22
Q

Tyranny

A

A government in which absolute power is vested in one single ruler. Can sometimes be cruel

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23
Q

Democracy

A

A political system in which the supreme power lies in o body of citizens who can elect people to represent them.

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24
Q

Theocracy

A

A government controlled by religious leaders

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25
Q

Divine right

A

Belief that rulers and authority comes directly from God

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26
Q

Mandate of Heaven

A

A political theory developed during the Zhou dynasty of ancient China in which those in power were believed to have the right to rule from divine authority

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27
Q

Dynastic cycle

A

The historical pattern of the rise decline and replacement of dynasties due to the Mandate of Heaven

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28
Q

Code of Hammurabi

A

A collection of 282 laws which is one of the first examples of written law in the ancient civilizations enforced under Hammurabi’s rule

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29
Q

Book of the dead

A

A collection of religious spells which were thought to be helpful to the deceased in the afterlife in ancient Egypt

30
Q

Jewish law

A

The complete body of rules and practices that are bound to follow including biblical commandments instituted by the rabbis and binding customs

31
Q

Epic of Gilgamesh

A

A famous poem that describes ancient Sumerian life it is also called the oldest story in the world

32
Q

Analects

A

Book that collects the writings and sayings of Confucius

33
Q

Daodejing

A

The central text of Daoism; translated as the way and it power

34
Q

Ramayana

A

A Hindu epic written in Sanskrit hat describes the adventures of the King Rama and his queen

35
Q

Paleolithic

A

(Old Stone Age) a long period of human development before the development of agriculture

36
Q

Neolithic

A

(10,000-8,000 BCE) the development of agriculture and the domestication of animals as a food source. This led to the development of permanent settlements and the start of civilization.

37
Q

Catal huyuk

A

One of the first true cities in history created in the Neolithic era in 6500 to 5500 bc from which were created agriculture trading temples housing and religions

38
Q

Jericho

A

Oldest Neolithic community in the West Bank between Israel and Jordan

39
Q

Culture

A

Beliefs customs and traditions of a specific group of people

40
Q

Civilization

A

A society with cities a central govt job specialization and social classes

41
Q

Ziggurat

A

A rectangular tiered temple or terraced mound erected by the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians

42
Q

Hittites

A

A people from central Anatolia who established an empire in Anatolia and Syria in the late Bronze Age with wealth from the trade in metals and military power based on chariot forces

43
Q

Polytheistic

A

Belief in many gods

44
Q

Dharma

A

In Hindu belief a persons religious and moral duties

45
Q

Karma

A

(Hinduism and Buddhism) the effects of a persons actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation

46
Q

Caste system

A

A Hindu social class that controlled every aspect of daily life a set of rigid social categories that determined not only a persons occupation and economic potential but also his or her position in society

47
Q

Four noble truths

A

All life is full of suffering
The cause of suffering is desire
The only cure for suffering is to overcome desire
The way to overcome desire is to follow the eightfold path

48
Q

Eightfold path

A

In Buddhism the basic rules and beliefs leading to an end of suffering as taught by the Buddha the path one must follow to reach nirvana

49
Q

Five themes of geography

A

Location place regions movement human environment interaction

50
Q

Types of regions

A

Formal, functional, perceptual

51
Q

Climate graph

A

Shows the average temperatures and precipitation in a place

52
Q

South Asia

A

A region of Asia that includes Afghanistan Pakistan India and Nepal

53
Q

East Asia

A

A region of asus that includes China Mongolia North Korea South Korea and Japan

54
Q

Four river valley civilizations

A

Indus yellow Tigris and Euphrates and Nile

55
Q

Cuneiform

A

A system of writing in which wedge shaped symbols represented words or syllables. It originated in Mesopotamia and was used initially for Sumerians but later was adapted to represent other languages of Western Asia

56
Q

Hieroglyphs

A

A stylized picture of an object representing a word syllable it sound as found in ancient Egyptian and other writing systems

57
Q

Primary activities

A

Economic activities in which natural resources are made available for use or further processing including mining agriculture forestry and fishing

58
Q

Secondary activities

A

Economic activities concerned with the processing of raw materials such as manufacturing construction and power generation

59
Q

Tertiary activities

A

Activities that provide the market exchange of goods and that bring together consumers and providers of services such as retail transportation government personals and professional services

60
Q

Art of war

A

An ancient Chinese book on military strategy written by sun tzu

61
Q

Daoism

A

Philosophical system developed by Lao-tzu advocating a simple honest life and noninterference with the course of natural events

62
Q

Confucianism

A

A philosophy that adheres to the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. It shows the way to ensure a stable government and an orderly society in the present worlds and stresses a moral code of conduct

63
Q

Legalism

A

Chinese philosophy developed that taught that humans are naturally evil and need to be ruled by harsh laws

64
Q

Mesopotamia

A

First civilization located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in present day Iraq term means land between the rivers in Sumerian culture

65
Q

Fertile Crescent

A

A geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates

66
Q

Nile

A

Civilizations in Egypt developed along the mill Nile about 3000 bc

67
Q

Tigris and Euphrates

A

Two rivers that form the outside border of Mesopotamia ok the Fertile Crescent

68
Q

Indus River

A

A river in South Asia thay flows from the Himalayas to the Arabian Sea. The location of the first River valley civilization of India

69
Q

Ganges

A

A River of South Asia that flows southeast from the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal, part of indogangetic plain holy to Hindus creates fertile land

70
Q

Huang he

A

A major river named yellow river because it deposits huge amounts of yellowish silt when it overflows its banks

71
Q

Himalaya mts

A

A vast mountain system in Southern Asia that extends for 1,500 miles between China and India, highest mountains

72
Q

Go i desert

A

A high desert in China and Mongolia

WAS semester Final Study Guide (1 decks)

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