Semester 2 Exam 2020

Question 1

How are particles arranged in a solid?

Answer 1

Tightly packed with an organized arrangement in rows, particles vibrate in their spot.

Question 2

How are particles arranged in a liquid?

Answer 2

Tightly packed but randomly arranged, particles can flow over each other.

Question 3

How are particles arranged in a gas?

Answer 3

Random arrangement with empty space between particles, high energy.

Question 4

What word describes particles changing from solid to liquid?

Answer 4

Melting

Question 5

What word describes particles changing from liquid to gas?

Answer 5

Evaporation or boiling

Question 6

What word describes particles changing from liquid to solid?

Answer 6

Freezing

Question 7

What word describes particles changing from solid to a gas?

Answer 7

Sublimation

Question 8

Particles that have a high temperature means that the particles have ….. kinetic energy

Answer 8

High

Question 9

Particles that have a low temperature means that the particles have ….. kinetic energy

Answer 9

Low

Question 10

What is an atom?

Answer 10

The smallest unit of matter, they contain sub-particles that have charges.

Question 11

What is a compound?

Answer 11

A compound is a substance that is made up of atoms of two or more elements, joined together by strong chemical bonds.

Question 12

What is an element?

Answer 12

An element is a substance that contains only one type of atom.

Question 13

What is a proton?

Answer 13

A subatomic particle in the nucleus with a positive charge.

Question 14

What is an electron?

Answer 14

A subatomic particle with a negative change that orbits the nucleus.

Question 15

What is a neutron?

Answer 15

A subatomic particle in the nucleus with a neutral charge.

Question 16

What is a physical change?

Answer 16

When the particles of a substance change state of matter, this change is reversible.

Question 17

What is a chemical change?

Answer 17

When the particles of substances rearrange to form a new substance, this change is irreversible.

Question 18

What are some observations that indicate a chemical change?

Answer 18

Bubbles, colour change, heat/light/odour/sound released.

Question 19

What is a solution?

Answer 19

A mixture of a solute dissolved in a solvent.

Question 20

What is a solvent?

Answer 20

The major component of a solution dissolves another substance.

Question 21

What is a solute?

Answer 21

The minor component of a solution that has been dissolved into another substance.

Question 22

What is a mixture?

Answer 22

A combination of 2 or more substances that can be separated.

Question 23

What is a pure substance?

Answer 23

A collection of the same type of particle.

Question 24

What is the purpose of using a stain to view cells under a microscope?

Answer 24

Staining enhances the contrast of the organelles that make it easier to see the difference between different organelles.

Question 25

What is a cell?

Answer 25

The smallest unit of living matter, the building blocks of all living things.

Question 26

What is a specialized cell?

Answer 26

A cell with a different structure that allows it to perform a specific function.

Question 27

What is an organelle?

Answer 27

A subcellular structure that performs a specialized function inside the cell.

Question 28

What is a tissue?

Answer 28

A collection of the same type of cells that work together to perform a particular function

Question 29

What is an organ?

Answer 29

A collection of different tissues that work together to perform a particular function

Question 30

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 30

Controls the functions inside the cells, contains a copy of DNA of the organism.

Question 31

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 31

Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 32

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 32

Produces energy for the cell, often called the ‘powerhouse of the cell’

Question 33

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 33

The inner space of the cell.

Question 34

What are the organelles that are unique to plant cells?

Answer 34

Chloroplast, cell wall, vacuole

Question 35

What is the order of organization in the body?

Answer 35

Cells 🡪 Tissues 🡪 Organs 🡪 Organ systems 🡪 Organism

Question 36

What is particulate matter?

Answer 36

Small solid particles suspended in the air

Question 37

Give 3 examples of specialized cells.

Answer 37

Red blood cell, white blood cell, sperm cell.