Semester 2 Final Flashcards
(107 cards)
1
Q
The first English king to be executed by the English Parliament was _____.
A
Charles I
2
Q
Who devised a system of the universe with the Sun at the Center?
A
Nicolaus Copernicus
3
Q
The mechanistic view of the universe was prompted by the writings of which scientist?
A
Isaac Newton
4
Q
Advances in science during the Scientific Revolution were due to advances in which field of study?
A
Mathematics
5
Q
Which nation was the target of the Spanish Armada?
A
England
6
Q
The main cause of the ______ was the poor financial state of nation.
A
French Revolution
7
Q
What prompted the divisions in Parliament over government rule?
A
English Civil Wars
8
Q
The Thirty Years’ War was located in ________.
A
the German states
9
Q
The principles of the _________ were spread throughout Europe by Napoleon’s conquests.
A
Enlightenment
10
Q
In what style of art could Rembrandt’s (a Dutch painter of the seventeenth century) work be categorized?
A
Baroque
11
Q
Which peace agreement brought an end to the Thirty Years’ War?
A
Peace of Westphalia
12
Q
The Reign of Terror was led by _______.
A
Robespierre
13
Q
What outlines the rights of the citizens of the United States?
A
Bill of Rights
14
Q
Which English philosopher asserted that knowledge was “written” on the “blank tablet” of the mind by reason?
A
Locke
15
Q
What historical event led Enlightenment thinkers to think that reason, rightly exercised, was the answer to all of mankind’s problems?
A
Scientific Revolution
16
Q
Which French leader conquered most of Europe?
A
Napoleon
17
Q
The Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England was _______.
A
Oliver Cromwell
18
Q
The American colonists went to war with the British because _______.
A
new taxes levied by the British violated the charters of the colonies
19
Q
This was established by Henry IV of France.
A
The Edict of Nantes
20
Q
The czar who westernized Russia was _______.
A
Peter I
21
Q
Leading thinkers of the Enlightenment were ________.
A
Philosophes
22
Q
Deism affirmed that ______. ( 3 things)
A
- God was creator of all the universe
- God did not involve himself in the everyday functioning of the universe
- God did not reveal his will to mankind
23
Q
King Louis XIV was ___________.
A
the Sun King
24
Q
Who established the Holy League to resist the advance of the Ottoman Turk into Europe?
A
King Philip II
25
According to which belief is the king said to be accountable only to God?
Divine right of kings
26
French Calvinists were known as _______.
Huguenots
27
The _______ demand for independence from Austrian rule resulted in a dual monarchy.
Hungarian
28
Which economic system’s central goal is to better society by means of shared property and wealth?
Socialism
29
The "scramble" for lands in Africa and Asia were prompted by increasing needs for raw material and new markets bought about by the __________.
Industrial Revolution
30
Which of the countries below was not a member of the Great Powers?
```
Austria
United States
Russia
Great Britain
France
```
United States
31
Which Prussian ruler provoked the Franco-Prussian war and brought about the unification of the German states?
Otto Von Bismarck
32
The abolition of _______ in Russia led to an increased amount of unrest between the lower and upper class.
serfdom
33
The _______ increased the power of the federal government in the United States over the power of individual states’ rights.
Civil War
34
Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity changed the popular understanding of what?
Reality
35
The unification of Italy was inspired by _______.
The spirit of nationalism
36
_____ invented the telephone.
Alexander Bell
37
Which nineteenth century invention needed electricity to work?
Telegraph
38
What was the purpose of the Congress of Vienna?
to reestablish that which Napoleon's Empire had destroyed
39
Which nineteenth century scientist is considered the father of modern psychology?
Sigmund Freud
40
Slavery was important during the Industrial Revolution for the production of _______.
cotton
41
Which artistic trend during the nineteenth century was a reaction against the rationalism of the enlightenment?
Romanticism
42
_______ advanced the idea that all living things were the result of biological evolution.
Charles Darwin
43
was able to rise to the status of a world power because it chose to modernize its culture.
Japan
44
the Society of the Harmonious Fists led the Boxer Rebellion here
China
45
The _______ increased the power and involvement of the federal government in U.S. foreign affairs to protect Americans.
Monroe Doctrine
46
The end of the U.S. Civil War brought about an increased sense of _________ to the country.
nationalism
47
During the nineteenth century, _______ controlled territories in Australia, North America, Asia and Africa.
Great Britain
48
Which two European countries dominated South America prior to the independence won during the nineteenth century?
Spain & Portugal
49
Name the treaty that officially brought an end to World War I and stipulated that Germany was to blame for the war.
Treaty of Versailles
50
________ helped increase the power of the U.S. federal government.
The New Deal
51
_______ over threw the King of Italy and allowed Mussolini to establish a totalitarian state.
Fascists
52
Following WWI, Germany received a great deal of financial support from ______ investors.
American
53
_______ was dissolved after WWI and partitioned into mandates by the League of Nations.
the Ottoman Empire
54
The __________ faction of the Communist Party believed that Russia could only be transformed into a totally socialistic state by violent revolution.
Bolshevik
55
T.E. Lawrence was a British diplomat who was involved in the fight for __________ independence.
Arabian
56
The _______ was a period of economic problems.
Great Depression
57
The Triple Entente was an alliance between Great Britain, ______, and Russia.
France
58
Factors leading to the outbreak of WWI included ___________. ( 5 things)
1. New Imperialism
2. Social Darwinism
3. nationalism
4. militarism
5. new alliances
59
The Nazis believed that Germans were part of a superior race of humans called ______.
Aryans
60
_________ enjoyed a great amount of influence in Russian affairs during the reign of Czar Nicholas II.
Rasputin
61
______ transformed Russia into an industrial superpower.
Stalin
62
Which country decided to enter World War I because Germany began attacking ships carrying civilians?
United States of America
63
_________ organized non-violent protests against British control of India.
Gandhi
64
The ________ were the secret police force used by the Nazis.
S.S.
65
_______ was/were used by many countries during WWI to promote support for the war effort.
Propaganda
66
The Dawes Plan for economic recovery was intended to help _______.
Germany
67
During WWI, a _________ occurred on the Western Front.
stalemate
68
The ______ removed all United States military troops from Latin America.
Good Neighbor Policy
69
The collectivization of farms under Stalin's rule was meant to ______.
put all farms under the control of the government of the USSR
70
Prior to the outbreak of WWI, a(n) _________ resistance group assassinated the Austria-Hungarian heir to the throne.
Slavic
71
The _______ were the special military force of the fascists in Italy.
Blackshirts
72
Due to _______ Hitler was able to take over Czechoslovakia without a battle.
appeasement
73
Winston Churchill was the ______ of Great Britain during World War II.
prime minister
74
______ was threatened with economic sanctions by the United States if it did not withdraw from China.
Japan
75
_______, in the Eastern Bloc, did not follow the dictates of the Soviet Union but still practiced communism.
Yugoslavia
76
The development of ______ helped the British to win the battle of Britain.
radar
77
The Domino Theory of the spread of communism led the United States to _____.
send American troops to fight in Vietnam
78
Number the following events in chronological order-
Japan attacks Pearl Harbor
Hitler commits suicide
U.S. troops participate in invasion in Normandy, France
1. U.S Troops
2. Japan Attacks Pearl Harbor
3. Hitler commits
79
United States President _____ made the decision to drop the atomic bomb on Japan.
Truman
80
Which economic plan offered by the United States helped to revive the West German economy?
Marshall Plan
81
On _______ the Allies landed on the beaches of Normandy, invading Nazi-occupied France.
D-Day
82
The Anti-Comintern Pact was signed by Japan and Germany in anticipation of an attack by the ________.
Soviet Union
83
________ desire to "de-Stalinize" the USSR led to a greater amount of personal freedom for Soviet citizens.
Khrushchev's
84
Prior to World War II, Hitler annexed Austria because he considered it a _______ land.
Germanic
85
The United States used "_______" to fight the Japanese in the Pacific.
island hopping
86
The Nazis called their plan to eliminate Jewish people from Germanic lands the ______.
Final Solution
87
Who led the North Koreans during the Korean War?
Kim Il-Sung
88
Which nation was responsible for the construction of the Berlin Wall?
East Germany
89
During the later part of the twentieth century, ________ economies stabilized under civilian-run democracies.
Latin American
90
What posed one of the greatest problems to new African nations following decolonization?
tribal rivalry
91
Perestroika was a program in the USSR that was introduced by _______.
Gorbachev
92
This financial recovery plan gave 13 billion dollars in materials to European countries to stabilize their economies after WWII.
Marshall Plan
93
This person led the Solidarity party in Poland.
Lech Wałęsa
94
Japan was occupied by ________ forces following WWII.
Allied Forces
95
Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait to ______.
takeover the country's oil fields
96
What did Brezhnev Doctrine prevent?
Soviet satellites from declaring independence from the USSR
97
Which philosophical school of thought supports the claim that there is no such thing as absolute truth?
Existentialism
98
Which of the following led to the establishment of the state of Israel? ( 2 things)
Balfour Declaration
| immigration of hundreds of thousands of Jews to Palestine
99
A _______ economy is one in which a state's economy is controlled by the government.
centralized
100
These two countries participated in the Cold War Space Race.
United States
| USSR
101
Which two countries made an agreement that kept them from using their nuclear arsenal?
United States and Soviet Union
102
Who led the fight to end apartheid?
Mandela
103
The state of Israel has been threatened with destruction by what ethnic group in the Middle East?
Arab
104
This German leader brought increased relations between East and West Germany.
Will Brandt
105
What provoked the Arabs to attack Israel again?
gains made by the Six Day War
106
Fidel Castro tried to spread _______ in Latin America.
communism
107
What was apartheid?
separation of Whites and non-Whites
