Semester Test Flashcards
(111 cards)
1
Q
For what is the Medici family famous?
A
For being rich supporters of the art
2
Q
What was the first full sized book Gutenberg printed?
A
The bible
3
Q
I what way did Leonardo da Vinci represent the Renaissance Man?
A
He was a painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist.
4
Q
Who decided himself the head of the English Church?
A
Henry VIII
5
Q
What was one of John calvin’s teachings?
A
Predestination
6
Q
Who was the important Catholic reformer who founded the Jesuit order?
A
Ignatius of Loyola
7
Q
What kind of person represented the idea of the “Renaissance Man”?
A
Someone who excelled in many areas of study
8
Q
What was an important effect of the invention of the printing press?
A
It increased literacy and the use of the vernacular
9
Q
What was the main reason for Henry the VIII’s split with the Roman Catholic Church
A
His desire for a son
10
Q
The period of European history known as the Renaissance roughly covers the time from?
A
1300 to 1600
11
Q
The best synonym for secular
A
Worldly
12
Q
To become known as an important patron, one most needed to be?
A
Wealthy
13
Q
The technique known as perspective is most useful int he creation of?
A
Three-dimensional art
14
Q
A person who works “in the vernacular” is one who?
A
Writes in a local, rather than a classical, language
15
Q
In Greek, the word utopia means?
A
No place
16
Q
The printing press was invented by?
A
Johann Gutenburg
17
Q
The council of Trent agreed that?
A
The church’s interpretation of the bible is final
18
Q
Who was the last of Henry VIII’s children to rule?
A
Elizabeth I
19
Q
Who was the wife of the King of England, the mother of the queen of England, and the aunt of the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire?
A
Catherine of Aragon
20
Q
Which term was originally referred to a German prince who was not loyal to the pope?
A
Protestant
21
Q
What means “to take backs statement”?
A
Recant
22
Q
Who was the first of Henry VIII’s children to rule?
A
Edward VI
23
Q
Which term refers to a pardon that releases a sinner from a penalty for committing a sin?
A
Indulgence
24
Q
Who was beheaded for not being able to produce a male Heir for Henry VIII?
A
Anne Boleyn
25
What refers to a marriage that never happened?
Annul
26
Who Conquerd the Aztec Empire?
Hernando Cortez
27
Why did the Europeans see Africans as a better source of labor then the native Americans?
Africans had animist to all diseases, so they wouldn't die off.
28
What was the porous of most joint stock companies of the 1500s and 1600s?
Funding colonies in the Americas
29
Where in the Americas did Christofer Columbus land first?
An island in the Caribbean sea
30
What did the encomienda system provide for New Spain?
A cheep labor source
31
Which European was the first to import Africans to the Americas?
Portugal
32
As part of the Colombian Exchange, which of the following was carried west across the Atlantic?
Livestock
33
How did the middle passage get its name?
It was the second part, or the middle part, of the triangular trade
34
What helped to increase the slave trade in Africa during the seventeenth century?
The spread of Islam to Africa
35
What was the result of the loss of native lives to all disease?
A severe shortage of labor in the colonies
36
How was Africa affected by the Atlantic space trade?
Many cultures lost their fittest members and families were torn apart
37
What concept was the belief of "Divine right" used to support?
Absolute rule
38
What is the renaissance the rebirth of?
Art and learning
39
Who inherited the Austrian throne after Charles VI had the other European powers sign an agreement declaring they would recognize the heir?
Maria Therisa
40
Who did the glorious revolution brig to England's throne?
William and Mary
41
By the end of the 1600s what had England's stream of government become?
A constitutional monarchy
42
What was the cause of the eight civil wars that where caught in France between 1562 and 1598?
Religious differences
43
In Russia the boyars were?
Landowning nobles
44
Peter the greats main reason for visiting the east was to?
Learn about the western customs an technology
45
Why did Peter the great build the city of St. Petersburg?
He wanted a city on a seaport that would make it easier to travel to the west
46
What was edict of Nantes issued in an effort to do?
Bring an end to violent religious conflicts in France
47
What political purpose did the spell did palace at Versailles serve?
To show the power of Louis XIV and around the envy of other monarchs
48
What did the restoration 'restore' power to England?
The monarchy, as an institution
49
What did Fredrick the great believe a ruler should be?
A father to his people
50
What was Peter the great the first Russian ruler to make an effort to do?
Westernize Russia
51
What was the thirty years war a conflict over?
The alliance of Maria Therisa and the French kings
52
What was one reason Ivan IV was called Ivan the Terrible?
He organized a police force that murdered people he considered traitors.
53
Under Maria Theresa, Austrian greatest enemy was?
Prussia
54
Fredrick II cane to power as the?
King of Prussia
55
The first Russian ruler to adopt the title 'czar', meaning 'Caesar' was?
Ivan the Terrible
56
Ivan the terrible's cruelty was aimed mainly at?
Nobels
57
The magnificent palace built for Louis XIV
Versailles
58
Government agents who collected taxes and administers justice
Intendants
59
Fought against Catholics in eight wars in France between 1562 and 1598
Huguenots
60
A declaration of religious tolerance issued by Henry IV and canceled by Louis XIV
Edict of Nantes
61
Began when Charles II took throne
Restoration
62
King of England put to death
Charles I
63
Catholic King of England replaced by William and Mary
James II
64
Parliament's financial power was an obstacle to this type of government
Absolute monarchy
65
Puritan leader abolished the monarchy and ruled as a military dictator
Oliver Cromwell
66
Document made clear the limits on Royal power after the Glorious Revolution.
Bill of rights
67
King of England came to power as a result of the glorious revolution.
William
68
King of Scotland inherited Elizabeth I's throne as well as her conflicts with parliament
James I
69
Prevented monarch from jailing people purely for political reasons and from indefinitely holding prisoners without trial
Habeas Corpus
70
Adopted to prevent disagreements between the monarchy and parliament from bringing government to a standstill
Cabinet
71
The heliocentric, or sun-centered, theory was proposed by?
Nicolas Copernicus
72
Isaac Newton explained the?
Law of universal gravitation
73
European art of the 1600s and early 1700s was dominated by a grand, ornate style called?
Baroque
74
The Declaration of Independence was written by?
Thomas Jefferson
75
What happened after the American Revolution?
Constitutional convention
76
A major reason for the colonists victory over Britain was?
A stronger motivation to fight
77
What did the enlightenment promote?
A belief in progress
A more secular look
Faith in science
78
Composed classical music
Frank Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Ludwig van Bethoven
79
Ruled Russia as an enlightened despot
Joseph II
80
Ruled Prussia as an enlightenment despot
Fredrick the great
81
Ruled Austria
Catherine the great
82
Edited and published the encyclopedia
Denis Diderot
83
What percent of France's population beloved to the third estate?
97
84
What happened of July 14, Bastille day?
A mob stormed a prison looking for gunpowder
85
During the reign of terror, who was safe from the guillotine?
No one
86
What was Napoleon able to accomplish during peace time?
Set up public schools
Set in up a set law system
Established a fairer tax code
87
What was a important goal of the congress of Vienna
Establish a balance of power in Europe
88
Who was the most influential leader in the congress of Vienna
Prince Ilene's Von Metternich of Austria
89
The action of napoleon's that caused the greatest human losses?
The invasion of Russia
90
About what percent of France's population belongs to the first and second estate?
3
91
Which group strongly embraced the ideals and principals of the enlightenment
Bourgeoisie
92
Which group exposed the reign of terror?
The committee of public safety
93
Which group finally forced Robespierre from power?
His fellow revolutionaries
94
Who paid most of the taxes in the years processing the French Revolution?
The third estate
95
What does plebiscite mean?
A vote of the people
96
What strategy did Alexander I use to defeat napoleon in Russia
Scorched earth policy
97
The social and political system used in France in the 1700s
Estates-General
98
A financial crisis brought on in part by excessive spending and huge gambling losses by who, resulted in forcing Louis XVI to call estates gender all into session for the first time in 175 years?
Marie Antoinette
99
Which estate felt they should have as much to say in decision making and the others combined?
First estate
100
A pledge made by the third estate to continue their meeting in tilt why had a new constitution drawn up.
Tennis court oath
101
What wand the second estate made up of?
Noblemen and the clergy
102
When Louis XVI called up mercenary groups is caused a rebellion that fueled widespread emotional reaction called the what?
Great fear
103
In 1806, Napolean attempted to make Europe more self-sufficient through the use of what termed the what?
Continental system
104
Great Britain responded with a what against France?
Blockade
105
What where the first and second island Napolean was exiled to?
St. Helena
| Elba
106
Where was napoleons last bid for power?
The battle of Waterloo
107
What was napoleons last bid for power called?
The hundred days
108
Supported self government.
John Locke
109
Fought for freedom
Voltaire
110
People are naturally wicked
Thomas Hobbes
111
Natural goodness. Civilization corrupts it
Jean Jacques Rousseau
