semester test study guide- english Flashcards
(24 cards)
what is theme?
the central idea of a text
Noun
person, place, thing, or idea – EX: Mrs. Boles
Adjective
a word that describes a noun – EX: pretty
Verb
the action of the sentence (or state of being) – EX: ponders
Adverb
a word that describes a verb – EX: deeply
Inferring
To make a deduction or conclusion based on evidence.
Example: John lowered his head and slowly walked away from the group. **One can infer that John has been shamed or saddened by something said in the group.
context clues
hints found within a sentence, paragraph, or passage that a reader can use to understand the meanings of new or unfamiliar words.
Example: The crowd gathered in the park to commemorate the firefighters’ sacrifice. ** Using context clues, one can see that commemoration means honoring the memory of the firefighter.
1st person pov
When the narrator is a character in the story. EX: “I told him my side of
the story”
2nd person pov
When the narrator is speaking to the reader as if he/she is a character.
EX: “You told them your side of the story.”
3rd person limited
When there is an outside narrator and the reader is privy to one
character’s thoughts and feelings. EX: “Jill thought he was guilty as charged.”
3rd person omniscient
When there is an outside narrator and the reader is privy to
all of the characters’ thoughts and feelings. EX: “Jill thought he was guilty, but Bill knew he did nothing wrong.”
3rd person objective
When there is an outside narrator and the reader is NOT privy
to any of the characters’ thoughts or feelings; the reader must make an inference.
EX: “The accused was seen running away from the injured man.”
Exposition
the background information, setting, and introduction to the characters
rising action
The inciting conflict and all attempts to overcome the conflict
climax
The culmination of all those attempts/the turning point of the text
falling action
The events that lead up to the resolution
resolution
the closure of the context
Imagery
Details that describe the way things look, smell, taste, feel, and sound. EX: The rotting stench of the animal carcass made me want to throw up.
mood
The feeling a reader gets from the story. EX: The reader may feel repulsed by the description of the animal carcass.
tone
The author’s attitude toward the subject he/she is writing about. You can tell the tone of the writing by the words the author uses (diction) toward that subject. EX: If a person were to receive rude service from a waiter, that person might write a harsh letter to the manager regarding that bad treatment.
clause
Basically, a complete sentence that contains a subject and a predicate.
Independent clause - a sentence that is complete and can stand alone. EX: I like pizza.
Dependent clause - contains a subordinating clause (AWUBIS word) that makes the
sentence incomplete and can NOT stand alone. EX: Because I like pizza,
characterization
The act of characterizing or describing the individual quality of a person or thing.
STEAL
a technique used to help analyze a character. Each letter represents a quality about a character in which you can make inferences about what type of person that character is.
speech, thoughts, effect, actions, looks
conflict types
Man vs. Man, Man vs. Society, Man vs. Nature, Man vs. Technology, Man vs. super natural, Man vs. self
