Semster 1 Final

Question 1

What was the Dorr Rebellion?

Answer 1

The Dorr Rebellion was a group led by Thomas Dorr trying to set up a new government. The old constitution barred more than half the adult males from voting. Thomas W.Dorr formed a “People’s Party”. In 1842, two governments claimed their legitimacy in Rhode Isaland. Dorr loses technically but government is forced to grant more suffrage.

Question 2

What was the spoils system?

Answer 2

Supporters of the president are rewarding either job positions regardless of skill/capability

Question 3

What was nullification?

Answer 3

Can states leave the Union if they wish? Calhoun (vice pres) argued that the states should be able to nullify a law if they wished, as the stated agreement to federal government is what they held the country together. Anger over Tariff of Abomination. Jackson believed nullification was treason.

Question 4

How did Jackson do during his presidency?

Answer 4

Voted the renewal of national bank, allowed all white males right to vote

Question 5

How did the Panic of 1837 start?

Answer 5

Van Buren made a rule that the government would only accept payment for land in gold or silver thinking it would increase the search for gold, but instead it caused a panic where people held their money.

Question 6

What was the Panic of 1837?

Answer 6

Banks and business failed unemployment grew, projects were unable to continue, caused major depression

Question 7

When did the Panic of 1837 occur?

Answer 7

During Martin Van Buren’s presidency, resulting in the public to blame the democratic party.

Question 8

What are the 5 civilized tribes?

Answer 8

Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole

Question 9

What was the Trail of Tears?

Answer 9

The Trail of Tears was a road where most of the Cherokee tribe traveled to the territory Jackson forced them to go to (oklahoma). Thousands perished before arriving. The survivors named it “The Trail where they cried”. Eventually the rest of the Indian tribes traveled through it in 1838.

Question 10

What was the Indian Removal Act?

Answer 10

Congress passed the act in 1830. It allowed finances to go to finding ways of relocating Indians to the West. Cases went through the supreme court to fight against this. The Supreme Court sided with the Native Amerivans winning Cherokee nation v. Georgia in 1831 and Worchestrr v. Georgia in 1832. However Jackson ignored the Supreme Court and got the bill passed.

Question 11

What was Oklahoma known as at the time?

Answer 11

Indian Territory

Question 12

What is the difference between hard and soft money?

Answer 12

Hard money is gold and silver which means that your money is backed by something that will never decrease in value. Soft money is cash/ paper which is n’t back by anything.

Question 13

What was Clay’s American System?

Answer 13

To recharter the 2nd back of the United States and provide federal money for internal improvements like roads and canals. Economic developments.

Question 14

What was the Aroostook War?

Answer 14

There had been tensions over the border between Canada and Maine since the Treaty of 1783. In 1838, groups of Americans and Canadians (lumberjacks) began moving into the Aroostook River region resulting a violent brawl.

Question 15

What was the Webster-Ashburton treaty?

Answer 15

Established a permanent border between Canada and Maine which still stands today. Britain promised to leave American shipping alone.

Question 16

What were the two big immigrants groups in the 1840s-1860s?

Answer 16

The Germans and the Irish

Question 17

Who were the great triumvirate?

Answer 17

Webster, Clay, and Calhoun

Question 18

What was the gold rush?

Answer 18

Rush of people in California looking for gold, from a population of 14,000 in 1848 to 220,000, in 1852.

Question 19

What was the Dred v Scott case?

Answer 19

Dred Scott sued for freedom on grounds that he had been taken to free territory after the death of his master. Supreme Court ruled that he wasn’t a citizen meaning he had no constitutional rights so he couldn’t sue and the case was dismissed.

Question 20

The Dred Scott decision

Answer 20

The Supreme Court ruled slaves were property and as per the 5th amendment could not take the caes. Allowing slaves to be anywhere even though there wasn’t slaves allowed in free states they would be free but this changed it so they would stay slaves.

Question 21

Where were the migration routes out west?

Answer 21

Many whites and blacks moved to Oregon and Texas between the 1840’s and 60’s. Many went to boom towns for lumber and mining. Oregon trail tribes assisted migrants traded for goods

Question 22

Who was John Brown?

Answer 22

An abolitionist who tried to raise a slave revolt and steal weapons from a U.S. arsenal stopped by Lee.

Question 23

What was the result of Harper’s ferry?

Answer 23

South thought it was proof that north was conspiring against them and rushed to deunionize.

Question 24

What did the republican party form out of?

Answer 24

Democratic-Republicans

Question 25

Who were some major players in the Texas Independence movement?

Answer 25

Antonio Lopez de Santa-Ana, Sam Houston, Stephen Austin

Question 26

What were some major events in the Texas Independence movement and what happened?

Answer 26

Alamo (february 23,1836- March 6, 1836) and Goliad (March 27, 1836) - Texas strongholds, Mexican forces destroyed an American garrison at the Alamo in San Antonio. Similar at Goliath but after Texas troops were executed. Battle of San Jacinto- sam Houston best the Mexican army and took Santa ana prisoner, led Mexico to repudiate their treaty and Mexican troops occupied San Antonio but we're unable to win Texas back.

Question 27

Who was Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana?

Answer 27

A Mexican general who seized power as a dictator to create a more autocratic nation which Texans Americans thought was a slight at them.

Question 28

Who was Sam Houston

Answer 28

Texan general kept a small force of Texans intact and on April 23rd (San Jacinto) surprised the Mexican army and defeated them.

Question 29

Who was Stephen Austin?

Answer 29

He was imprisoned in medico city during to claims that he was encouraging revolts amongst texans

Question 30

What was manifest destiny?

Answer 30

The belief that the US was destined to expand due to religion and their history. People claimed it brought US liberty to oppressed areas.

Question 31

What did manifest destiny actually do?

Answer 31

Gave conquerors a moral justification by claiming to act in US interest. Critics called it cultural genocide as they were overriding existing cultures to replace them.

Question 32

Who was Clara Barton?

Answer 32

She founded the American Red Cross and distributed supplies to the union army

Question 33

What was the Homestead Act (1862)?

Answer 33

Allowed any citizen to claim 160 acres of public land and purchase it for a small fee after living on it for five years.

Question 34

What was the first major battle of the Civil war?

Answer 34

Bull Run

Question 35

What was the emancipation proclamation?

Answer 35

January 1, 1863 Lincoln signed the document. Established America's commitment to ending slavery led to the 13th amendment. It declared all slaves except in the border states that weren't under Lincolns control free.

Question 36

What were the Border states?

Answer 36

States separated from the U.S. DURING the war like Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, and West Virgina.

Question 37

What was the major turning point of the Civil War?

Answer 37

Gettysburg- a northern loss would've allowed south to enter DC where the US government resides meaning the government would have to sue for peace. (North wins, South retreats)

Question 38

Who led the March to the sea?

Answer 38

Union general William T.Sherman

Question 39

What was the Morill Land Grant Act?

Answer 39

Sold lands and used the proceeds to finance public education. This led to the creation of many state colleges/ universities

Question 40

Where did Robert E Lee surrender in the Civil War?

Answer 40

Appomattox Court house.

Question 41

What was the US currency during the Civil war

Answer 41

Greenbacks

Question 42

What did the Reconstruction do?

Answer 42

Caused issues between radical and conservative Republicans. Some wanted readmission with heavy punishments for confederate generals. Others just wanted the south to rejoin with an oath. Punishment vs. Leniency

Question 43

What was the Convict Lease system?

Answer 43

A system of forced penal labor. Private individuals and corporations could lease labor from the state in the form of prisoners

Question 44

What was the 13th amendment?

Answer 44

It outlawed slavery

Question 45

What was the 14th amendment?

Answer 45

All people born in the US are citizens

Question 46

What is the 15th amendment?

Answer 46

Any man can vote regardless of race or previous condition of servitude

Question 47

What were the reconstruction amendments?

Answer 47

13th,14th, 15th

Question 48

What was sharecropping?

Answer 48

Result of the crop-lien system. Landlords would supply land, a crude house and tools to poor farmers in return for the farmers sharing a large portion of their crops with the landlords at the end of the season. Sharecroppers rarely had food leftover to sell for their own profit.

Question 49

What was the purpose of reconstruction plans?

Answer 49

Readmit the south to the union, keep democratic party from gaining too much power back after reuniting. Radicals wanted to punish southern leaders and rebuild the south in their modern image.

Question 50

What was the Compromise of 1877?

Answer 50

Election of 1876, the vote was divided between Hayes and Tilden. The democrats in congress agreed to vote for Hayes if the north removed troops from the south, meaning black people in the south would have no protection.

Question 51

Who created tuskegee and advocated for black education?

Answer 51

Booker T Washington

Question 52

What was the Wade Davis Bill?

Answer 52

A reconstruction plan by radical northerners to force any representatives to swear the would never take up arms against US, abolish slavery, repudiated any debts, and disenfranchised confederate leaders. Congress passed it in 1864. Lincoln pocket vetoed it.

Question 53

What does separate but equal mean?

Answer 53

Plessy v. Furgeson-1896 Courts ruled separate seating arrangements didn't deprive black people of equal rights so long as the arrangements were equal. It survived for years as a legal basis for separating schools.

Question 54

What were black codes?

Answer 54

Started in 1856-66, designed to give white people control over former slaves. Allowed authorities to apprehend unemployed black people, fine them for vagrants, and then hire them out to private employers to the pay the fines. Soem forbade black people from owning or leasing darks or taking jobs outside of farming and servitude.