Sensation and Perception

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

When sensory receptors detect sensory info

Question 2

Transduction

Answer 2

conversion from sensory stimulus energy to action potential

Question 3

There are 5 senses, Vision, smell, taste, touch, and hearing. However there are more complex sensations. List the other 4 and their function.

Answer 3

the vestibular sense: balance
proprioception and kinesthesia: body position and movement
Nociception: pain
thermoception: temperature

Question 4

absolute threshold

Answer 4

the minimum amount of stimulus energy which must be present for the stimulus to be detected 50% of the time

Question 5

Just Noticeable Difference

Answer 5

difference in stimuli required to detect a difference between the stimuli

Question 6

mere-exposure effect

Answer 6

result of developing a positive attitude towards something after repeated mere exposure

Question 7

Priming

Answer 7

process by which a recent experience increases a traits’s accessibility

Question 8

Signal detection theory

Answer 8

change in stimulus detection ads a function of current mental state

Question 9

subliminal message

Answer 9

message presented below the threshold of conscious awareness

Question 10

Webber’s Law

Answer 10

difference threshold is a constant fraction of the original stimulus and bigger stimuli require larger differences to be noticed

Question 11

perception

Answer 11

the organization, interpretation, and experience of sensory information

Question 12

bottom-up processing

Answer 12

systems in which perceptions are built from sensory input

Question 13

inattentional blindness

Answer 13

failure to notice something completely visible because of lack of attention

Question 14

sensory adaptation

Answer 14

the reduction in sensitivity after prolonged exposure to a stimulus

Question 15

top-down processing

Answer 15

interpretation of sensation is influenced bu available knowledge, experiences, and thoughts

Question 16

Cornea

Answer 16

transparent covering of the eye and barrier to inner eye and outer world; involved in focusing light

Question 17

Pupil

Answer 17

Small opening in eye which light passes

Question 18

Iris

Answer 18

colored part of the eye; helps change size of pupil

Question 19

lens

Answer 19

curved, transparent structure that provides additional focus

Question 20

Fovea

Answer 20

Small indentation in the back of the eye which the lens focuses images on

Question 21

Retina

Answer 21

light sensitive lining of the eyes

Question 22

Rods

Answer 22

specialized photo-receptors that work well in low light

Question 23

Cones

Answer 23

sensitive to acute detail and provides spatial resolution; directly involved in perceiving color

Question 24

Ventral pathway

Answer 24

“What pathway”

Question 25

Dorsal pathway

Answer 25

"where/how pathway"

Question 26

Binocular Cue

Answer 26

cues that use both eyes

Question 27

Binocular Disparity

Answer 27

Slightly different view of the world that each eye perceives

Question 28

Monocular Cue

Answer 28

cue that uses one eye

Question 29

opponent-process theory of color perception

Answer 29

color is coded in pairs; black-white, red-green, blue-yellow

Question 30

trichromatic theory of colory perception

Answer 30

color vision is mediated by the activity across the 3 cones

Question 31

vestibulo-ocular reflex

Answer 31

coordination of motion info with visual info that allows you to maintain your gaze on an object while you move