Sensory

Question 1

simple receptors are

Answer 1

nerve endings in tissues

Question 2

simple receptors can be of two types

Answer 2

unencapsulated, encapsulated

Question 3

unencapsulated receptors are

Answer 3

free nerve endings

Question 4

encapsulated receptors are

Answer 4

tissue associated nerve endings

Question 5

special senses are senses that

Answer 5

have a complex apparattus that support receptor cells

Question 6

the special senses are (4)

Answer 6

olfactory, taste, labyrinth, (equilibrium/balance,/hearing), eyes

Question 7

exteroreceptors tell you

Answer 7

what goes on outside the body.

Question 8

what type of receptors are exteroreceptors

Answer 8

simple unencapsulated

Question 9

encapsulated receptor types

Answer 9

pacinian corpuscles, meissners corpuscles

Question 10

typed of unencapsulated receptors

Answer 10

mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, nociceptors

Question 11

the most sensitve type of receptors are

Answer 11

free nerve endings

Question 12

free nerve endings end in the

Answer 12

epidermis

Question 13

type of receptors that wrap hair follicles

Answer 13

unencapsulated

Question 14

unencapsulated receptors are located in the

Answer 14

skin, joints, viscera, oral cavity

Question 15

area of the body with the most thermoreceptors

Answer 15

oral cavity

Question 16

nociceptor threshold is

Answer 16

high

Question 17

thermoreceptor threshold is

Answer 17

x

Question 18

multimodal receptors

Answer 18

respond to all types; unencapsulated; chemo, thermo, noci

Question 19

mechanoreceptor modality

Answer 19

stretch, displacement, pressure

Question 20

thermoreceptor modality

Answer 20

hot > body p; cold < body temp

Question 21

nociceptors modality

Answer 21

stronger stimuli required; can also be mixed modality;

Question 22

meissners corpuscles innervate what tissue layer

Answer 22

dermal papillae in DERMIS; close to epidermis;

Question 23

pacinian corpuscles innervate what tissues

Answer 23

deep dermis / hypodermis, viscera, joint capsules

Question 24

sensory receptors tht wrap hair are also called

Answer 24

“associated” sensory receptors

Question 25

encapsulated sensory receptors innervate what layer

Answer 25

dermis

Question 26

pacinian corpuscles also called

Answer 26

lamellated

Question 27

meissners corpuscles also called

Answer 27

tactile

Question 28

lamellated corpuscles sense what

Answer 28

firm pressure; high freq vibration, tension, streth, NOT features; high threshold

Question 29

lamellated corpuscles appearance

Answer 29

surrounded by schwann cells, large and white, squishy

Question 30

tactile corpuscles respond to

Answer 30

low threshold; light pressure and vibration, ; light/discriminating touch,

Question 31

tactile corpuscle appearance

Answer 31

branched to each receptor with single axon; multiple jumbled nuclei

Question 32

two types of chemoreceptors

Answer 32

direct, distance

Question 33

distance chemoreceptors

Answer 33

olfactory

Question 34

direct chemoreceptors

Answer 34

taste

Question 35

describe olfactory receptors

Answer 35

neurons with chemoreceptors on the dendrites in an aqueous layer

Question 36

only chemicals that _ can be sesed by olfactory neurons

Answer 36

can be dissolved in aqueous layer

Question 37

the aqueous layer is replaced rapidly so that

Answer 37

chemical stimuli is removed

Question 38

describe the supporting epithelium of olfactory receptors

Answer 38

specialized respiratory; pseudostratified; NO goblet cells, NO cilia,

Question 39

aqueous layer secreted by

Answer 39

glands in the lamina proprya

Question 40

supporting olfactory tissues describe

Answer 40

columnar, assoc with basement membrane that replaces neurons

Question 41

most olfactory epithelium is on what bone

Answer 41

nasal concha

Question 42

difference between sharks/fish and terrestrial in olfaction

Answer 42

sharks do not have to generate fluids to wash away chemicals; thus are more sensitive to olfactory stimuli

Question 43

describe shark olfaction

Answer 43

water flows into one sac and out of the other; water flows through water channels containing lamellae, nerves lead to olfactory bulbs

Question 44

shark olfactory epithelium describe

Answer 44

like ours but arranged in layers; folded with water channels in between, containing lamellae. basal nuclei. nerves converge

Question 45

hammerhead have _ sense of smell

Answer 45

stereo sense

Question 46

primitive amphibian smell

Answer 46

have a nasal pit on the head; carris info from the mouth to nose.

Question 47

terrestrial reptiles sense of smell

Answer 47

nose into air passages into skull into throat; rapid sniffs between major breaths

Question 48

thing that most animals have but humans do not

Answer 48

vomeronasal organ

Question 49

describe mammalian olfaction

Answer 49

high surface area, olf epithelium goes to olf bulb. large nasal cavities and high air flow

Question 50

dog olfaction is x times more sensitive - why

Answer 50

100 thousand times; VNO, highly folded large surface area

Question 51

the VNO is made of

Answer 51

olfactory epithelium

Question 52

Taste receptors can pe found on

Answer 52

tongue, soft palate, oral cavity, epidermis

Question 53

the 5 types of gustatory cells in taste buds

Answer 53

sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami

Question 54

taste buds are flushed by

Answer 54

saliva

Question 55

saliva produced by

Answer 55

acini or salivary glands

Question 56

acini are made of

Answer 56

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 57

three forms of acini

Answer 57

serous, mucoserous, mucous

Question 58

taste receptor cells are called

Answer 58

gustatory cells

Question 59

taste receptors are exposed to chemicals through

Answer 59

taste pores at peripheral end

Question 60

types of taste buds

Answer 60

fungiform papillae, foliate, circumvillate

Question 61

supporting cells in taste buds cqalled

Answer 61

sustentacular cells (supporting columnar epithelium)

Question 62

average life of a taste bud

Answer 62

10 days

Question 63

in fish, gustatory receptors are concentrated

Answer 63

anteriorly (towards head)

Question 64

in elasmobranchs, tastebuds found in

Answer 64

only mouth and pharynx

Question 65

olfactory epithelium is made up of x cells

Answer 65

pseudostratified squamous

Question 66

three main cell types in olfactory epithelium

Answer 66

supporting cells, basal cells, brush cells/gustatory