Sensory & consumer science

Question 1

What are the sensory characteristics a consumer considers

Answer 1

sight, taste, touch, hearing and smell

Question 2

What is sight concerned with

Answer 2

appearance of food where consumers judge the shape, size & colour of the food to decide its quality

Question 3

What is the colour of the food measured by

Answer 3

colourimeters & spectrophotometers

Question 4

What affects the perception of colour

Answer 4

lighting

Question 5

What are somatosensations

Answer 5

Sense of touch and are neurons underneath the skin that can sense tactile, thermal and irritation stimuli through various receptors

Question 6

What is Chemesthesis

Answer 6

Chemesthesis are sensations which chemical compounds activate the receptors of other senses

Question 7

What are sensations involved in Chemesthesis

Answer 7

Those involved are pain, touch & thermal perception in the eye, nose, mouth & throat

Question 8

What are some examples of Chemesthesis sensations

Answer 8

Capsaicin & menthol work by stimulating thermoreceptors for heat & coldness
Other sensations include fizziness of carbon dioxide, numbing sensation of mala & fiery sensation of ethanol

Question 9

What are the 5 taste

Answer 9

sweet, sour, bitter, salty & umami

Question 10

Where can taste be found

Answer 10

tongue, cheeks & soft palate

Question 11

what are Olfactory receptors used for

Answer 11

olfactory receptors in the olfactory epithelium is used to detect compounds

Question 12

What is Orthonasal sensations

Answer 12

Orthonasal refers to perception of aromas coming in from the nose before chewing it

Question 13

What is Retronasal sensations

Answer 13

Retronasal refers to perception of aromas through the nose when chewing & swallowing it

Question 14

What is flavour

Answer 14

Flavour is the perception resulting from stimulating a combination of taste buds, olfactory organs & chemesthetic receptors within the oral cavity
Flavour can also refer to a mixture of volatile compounds that re concocted to impart the desired sensory characteristic of the food

Question 15

What can Gas chromatograph do

Answer 15

Gas chromatograph can identify & quantify odour molecules present in food

Question 16

Can sense of flavours be affected by other flavours

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

Do all affective and affirmative test need to be codded

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

Do panelist for an affective test need to be trained

Answer 18

Panellist for affective sensory evaluation should do not need to be trained but should be from that consumer group

Question 19

What are the affective test

Answer 19

acceptance test and preference test

Question 20

What are analytical test

Answer 20

difference test, descriptive test, threshold test, time intensity

Question 21

What are difference test

Answer 21

Difference test are designed to determine the differences between reference sample & test sample

Question 22

What occurs in triangle test

Answer 22

In triangle test, panellist are presented with 3 unknown samples, 2 of which are identical

Question 23

What occurs in a tetrad test

Answer 23

In tetrad test, 4 samples are presented simultaneously, 2 from 1 group & 2 from the other.

Question 24

What is difference test used for

Answer 24

Difference test are used to develop product to match competitor & can be carried out as quality control test to ensure products produced on different days have a consistent sensory profile

Question 25

What is a descriptive test

Answer 25

A descriptive test is used as a sensory descriptive analysis

Question 26

Is screening of panelist needed

Answer 26

screening of panelist are needed as they need to be sensitive to attributes of interest

Question 27

What is the list of descriptors used called

Answer 27

lexicon

Question 28

What is usually the number of people required on a descriptive test

Answer 28

about 5

Question 29

What is the threshold test

Answer 29

The threshold test determines the minimum concentration of a compound that must be present in for humans to detect or recognise the compound

Question 30

What is detection threshold

Answer 30

Detection threshold is the concentration of a substance in which a panel can consistently detect a difference from more dilute samples and is usually lower than recognition threshold

Question 31

What is Recognition threshold

Answer 31

Recognition threshold of a substance is the level at which the panel can identify the substance

Question 32

What are Threshold test performed on

Answer 32

Threshold test are most commonly performed on odorous compounds

Question 33

What are time intensity test

Answer 33

Time-intensity test measure how sensory attributes changes with time

Question 34

What are affective test used for

Answer 34

An affective test is used to see if differences are identifiable or if consumers prefer the newer product

Question 35

What are preference test

Answer 35

Preference test involves presenting consumers with at least 2 samples & asking which they prefer

Question 36

What are acceptance test

Answer 36

In acceptance test, consumers are asked to rank their liking of the product on a scale such as a 9-point hedonic scale

Question 37

Are acceptance test usually on 1 product

Answer 37

yes

Question 38

What is focus group test

Answer 38

Focus group is a test to gain insights into how consumers usually use the product and their general preferences