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Neuro Physiology pp > Sensory Physiology PAIN pp > Flashcards

Sensory Physiology PAIN pp Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

Nociception

A

The sensory response to a noxious stimulus

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2
Q

Pain

A

Perception of nociceptive sensory info

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3
Q

Sensory discrimination

A

Perception of exteroreceptive or enteroreceptive noxious localization

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4
Q

Motivation affective

A

emotional and sympathetic responses & associated behaviors

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5
Q

Physical pain

A

transient
localized
minimal tissue damage

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6
Q

Inflammatory pain

A

Acute & Chronic
Tissue damage
Mediated by the inflammatory process
Hypersensitivity (protective promotes healing)

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7
Q

Neuropathic pain

A

Damage/alteration to the nervous system

chronic maldaptive

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8
Q

Types of pain

A

Somatic - superficial, visceral

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9
Q

Superficial pain

A

Discrete localization
Initial sharp Ad
Delayed burning C
Deep diffuse localization

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10
Q

Visceral pain

A

primarily conveyed by C type fibers
Poorly localized
Pain is referred

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11
Q

Free nerve endings

A

Elaborate a variety of receptors responsive to chemical, mechanical and/or thermal modalities

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12
Q

TRP Family

A 
TRPV1 - Capsaicin
TRPV2 - Capsaicin
TRPV3 - Camphor
TRPV4 - Camphor
TRPV8 - Menthol
TRPA 1 - Mustard oi
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13
Q

Chemical Activators

A

Potassium
Hydrogen down ASIC
Substance P tachykinin
Bradykinin B1

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14
Q

Chemical sensitizers

A

Prostaglandins
Leukotrienes
ATP
Other inflammators

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15
Q

Silent nocicecptors

A

Unresponsive to non noxious until it is sensitized

Responsive to inflammation then pressure and temp

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16
Q

Pain receptor Characteristic

A

Slowly adapting
High threshold
Sensitization
Primary hyperalgesia

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17
Q

Sensitization

A

An alteration of membrane that brings the resting potential closer to treshold

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18
Q

Primary Hyperalgesia

A

Increase sensitivity to noxious and non noxious stimuli in the area and immediately surround

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19
Q

Dorsal Horn Afferent fibers

A

Travel several segments above & below in Lissauer tract to allow innervation over several adjacent segments

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20
Q

Spinothalamic neurons w/ cell bodies in lamina V

A

Receive non noxious sensory information conveyed by Aa & Ab fibers

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21
Q

Spinothalamic neurons Other

A

Ad - Received by Lamina 1 & V

C - Lamina 2 & 3

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22
Q

Nociceptive specific

A

from lamina I, II, III

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23
Q

Wide Dynamic Range

Study These Flashcards
A

Both noxious and non noxious input

24
Q

Physiologic Pain

Study These Flashcards
A

Acute, critical for survival, bodies own warning signal, 0.1 sec. Very adaptive
Ad mech or thermal

25
Pathologic Pain
Chronic, begins after 1 sec after stimulus, usually associated w/ tissue injury. Maladaptive, persistant & slow conducting Dull, throbbing,aching, nauseaus, emotional
26
Nociceptive Pain
Physiologic pain, transient, localized, no real or minimal tissue WARNING
27
Inflammatory Pain
``` Acute & Chronic Tissue damage Inflammatory process Hypersensitivity Protective, promotes healing ```
28
Dysfunctional Pain
No understanding lesion found, disproportionate to tissue injury IBS, Fibromyalgia
29
Neuropathic Pain
Damage to CNS or PNS Disproportionate to intensity of nocicepter activation Pathologic pain, maladaptive No protective fx
30
Physio pain processing
Transduction Transmission Modulation Perception
31
Inflammatory soup 1
Tissue injury causes release of Bradykinin, 5HT, prostaglandins, K+ stimulate C fibers
32
Inflammatory soup 2
Active C fiber release CGRP and Substance P, stimulates mast cells -> histamine
33
Inflammatory soup 3
CGRP & substance P released by C fiber cause the dilation of blood vessels
34
Primary Hyperalgesia
``` Peripheral process Spreading of action potentials Up sensitivity Up receptive field Inflammatory mediators & Substance P Activate SILENT Nociceptors ```
35
Allodynia
Pain resulting from non noxious stimulus
36
Axon Reflex
``` sympathetic sensory coupling Flare response Coupling Triple response Redness, edema & wheal flare ```
37
Cutaneous fibers
Ad mech + heat | C fiber polymodal
38
Muscle fibers
Similar to joint | Respond to mech, thermal, chem & ischemia
39
Articular fibers
2x unmye/mye Ad small, C respond to mech & inflammation
40
Viscera
Predominately C fibers | Respond to mech distention & chemical
41
Central Sensitization
Wind up 2ndary Prolonged & increased activation Recruitment of adjacent neurons Changing pharmacology
42
Neuroplasticity
Modulation of intracellular signaling & changes in gene expression
43
Dorsal column Medial lemniscus
Discriminative touch | Proprioception
44
Anterolateral System
Temp Pain Crude touch
45
Neospinothalamic Tract
Fast Ad, mech & acute temp Lamina 1,4+5 VPL Thalamus Primary sensory cortex
46
Paleospinothalamic tract
``` Slow C fiber, Lamina 2,3 + 4 DM Thalamus Limbic system Medial affect motivation Emotional & visceral Release stress hormones ```
47
Spinoreticular tract
Reticular formation Motor response to pain Descending path control
48
Spinomesencephalic tract
Midbrain PAG Regulation & modulation of Pain Descending pain control Superior colliculus - gaze to injury
49
Anterior Cingulate Cortex
``` Perception of pain Imagining pain Observation of pain Attention to pain Initiation of behavioral rxn's ```
50
Insula
Relay station to the limbic system Learning & pain to hypothalamus
51
Pain modulation
Gate Control Theory | Ab fibers can reactivate and fire faster than C
52
PAG
Activates encephalin to neurons that project to Raphe nuclei in brainstem
53
Rostral Ventral Medulla
Nucleus Raphe Magnus | 5HT projections to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord
54
Locus Coeruleus pon
NE projections to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord
55
PAG Pain modulation
Ventrolateral - Sympathetic inhibition | Dorsal - Sympathetic excitation
56
Pain therapies
``` Relief Delay Opioid NSAIDs Glucocorticoids DMARDS ```

Neuro Physiology pp (9 decks)

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