Sensory Systems

Question 1

Dorsal root ganglion

Answer 1

Collection of cell bodies of the afferent sensory fibers

Question 2

Dorsal root contains

Answer 2

Sensory fibers from the skin subcutaneous and deep tissue and viscera

Question 3

Afferent nerves

Answer 3

Sensory nerves

Question 4

Efferent nerves

Answer 4

Motor nerves

Question 5

Cutaneous joint and visceral afferent nerves are

Answer 5

Myelinated

Question 6

Perception

Answer 6

The integration of sensory impressions into psychologically meaningful information

Question 7

Sensory integration

Answer 7

The ability to use sensory information efficiently
Combining several sensory inputs to produce a desired movement

Question 8

Mechano receptors

Answer 8

Touch pressure vibration proprioception

Question 9

Thermoreceptors

Answer 9

Heat and cold

Question 10

Nociceptors

Answer 10

Pain receptors

Question 11

Somatosensory system

Answer 11

Provides sensory info about the body

Question 12

Interoception

Answer 12

Perception of sensation from inside the body

Question 13

Proprioception

Answer 13

Perception of one’s body in space

Question 14

Order of sensory system development

Answer 14

Touch->vestibular->smell->hearing->vision->taste->proprioception

Question 15

What system develops in utero

Answer 15

Touch

Question 16

Muscle spindles and golgi tendons (proprioception receptors) are developed when ?

Answer 16

Are developed by mid fetal life

Question 17

At 7 weeks in utero

Answer 17

Fetus responds to touch around mouth

Question 18

At 12 weeks in utero

Answer 18

Muscle spindles formed

Question 19

At 16 weeks in utero

Answer 19

Golgi tendons organs are formed

Question 20

At 17 weeks in utero

Answer 20

Cutaneous sensations spreads to entire body

Question 21

Sensory system maturation

Answer 21

Inc. Nerve conduction velocity
Redistribution of axon branching
Increased synaptic efficiency

Question 22

At what age do muscle spindles mature

Answer 22

3 years of age

Question 23

Between what ages do proprioception abilities mature ?

Answer 23

5-12 yrs

Question 24

When is the sensory system the keenest

Answer 24

Adolescence to early adulthood

Question 25

Reaction time peaks in mid 20s and slows down

Answer 25

20% during middle adulthood

Question 26

Why do the cutaneous receptors become less precise when we age ?

Answer 26

Because the skin becomes dry and less elastic

Question 27

Aging on the somatosensory system

Answer 27

Dec. In number of sensory neurons Dec. In function of remaining sensors Arthritic changes affect the ability of joint receptors to detect motion

Question 28

What percentage of innervation to the peripheral nerves would be classified as peripheral neuropathy ?

Answer 28

30%

Question 29

Saccades

Answer 29

Quick simultaneous movement of both eyes in the same direction

Question 30

Slow pursuit of tracking

Answer 30

Slow smooth eye movements Allow the eyes to closely follow moving objects

Question 31

Vestibular ocular reflex

Answer 31

Reflex eye movements that stabilize images on the retina Produces eye movement in opposite direction to head movement

Question 32

Convergence

Answer 32

Eyes rotate towards each other

Question 33

Divergence

Answer 33

Eyes rotate away from each other

Question 34

Prenatal visual system

Answer 34

4th week the eye forms 13th week myelination begins 6th month of gestation reflexive eye blinking

Question 35

Visual development occurs

Answer 35

After birth

Question 36

Newborns vision

Answer 36

Initially see in black and white Have 20/800 vision

Question 37

At what distance do babies see best and what pattern preference do they have

Answer 37

7-9 in away and their favorite pattern preference is human face

Question 38

Binocular vision matures between what months ?

Answer 38

3-5 months

Question 39

Adult like binocular vision occurs by when ?

Answer 39

2 yrs

Question 40

20/20 vision is achieved by when ?

Answer 40

12 months of age

Question 41

Between what ages are highly dependent in visual feedback for upright postural control and balance

Answer 41

4-6 yrs

Question 42

At what age does adult level depth perception occur ?

Answer 42

12 yrs

Question 43

Visual system adolescence

Answer 43

Eye hand coordination and perception action coupling

Question 44

Most rapid decline of vision occurs between what ages ?

Answer 44

60-80 yrs

Question 45

At what age does presbyopia develop ?

Answer 45

45 yrs

Question 46

What percent of adults over 65 have develop cataracs

Answer 46

60 %

Question 47

What percent of adults have macular degeneration over 75 ?

Answer 47

28%

Question 48

Otolith organs

Answer 48

Perceived linear acceleration both horizontally and vertically

Question 49

Semicircular canals

Answer 49

Detect angular acceleration in three dimensional space

Question 50

The vestibular system develops from what type of gestational cell ?

Answer 50

Ectoderm

Question 51

Vestibular system infancy and childhood

Answer 51

Vestibular system completely myelinated at birth Rocking and spinning contribute to dev of vestibular system

Question 52

At what month does the vestibular ocular reflex occur

Answer 52

By 2 months of age

Question 53

Full maturity of the vestibular system is achieved between what ages ?

Answer 53

10-14 yrs

Question 54

Vestibular visual and somatosensory system coordinate to control what ?

Answer 54

Balance

Question 55

By what age do we develop static balance ?

Answer 55

9-12yrs

Question 56

By what age do we develop dynamic balance

Answer 56

12 yrs

Question 57

When do age related changes to the vestibular system occur ?

Answer 57

40 yrs