Sentence Correction Flashcards
(17 cards)
Adverb
Modifies a verb, adjective, another adverb or whole clause. Most end in -ly but not all
The snow fell SLOWLY
He ran VERY quickly
Adverbial modifier
Word or sentence that changes a verb
He walked TOWARD THE BUILDING
Correct GMAT answers always have a working verb
The cat sitting by the stairs WRONG
The cat sitting by the stairs watched the mouse RIGHT
The cat was sitting by the stairs
Compound subject = Plural subjects because at least 2 nouns function as a subject
Compound verb = two or more verbs that point to the same subject
Lin and guy drive to work
Lin drives to work and says hello to her friend
Prepositional phrases are not part of the main sentence. They are followed by nouns or pronouns which complete a phrase
OF mice/OF new lands IN Zambia TO the store FOR milk WITH her ON their orders BY 1800 AT that level FROM the office
Near Galway, THE HOUSES on the road to Spiddle ARE GORGEOUS
Independent clauses are separated by FANBOYS and a comma
If a sentence doesn’t have a FANBOYS it’s incorrect
For And Nor But Or Yet So
Common GMAT adjectives that vary between their adverb are corresponding Frequent Independent Rare Recent Seeming Separate Significant Supposed Usual
Think about what their modifying to decide whether they need to end in -ly
Common GMAT adjectives that vary between their adverb are corresponding Frequent Independent Rare Recent Seeming Separate Significant Supposed Usual
Think about what their modifying to decide whether they need to end in -ly
Modifying the noun = adjective
Modifying anything other than the noun or pronoun = -ly
Nonessential modifiers are usually separated by commas
Essential modifiers are part of the main sentence because they affect the meaning
The cat, which lives next door, is very noisy
The cat that lies next door is very noisy
Noun modifiers are usually introduced by RELATIVE pronounus such as Which That (immediatly follows a noun) Whose Whom Where When
Who and whom = modify people
Which = can’t modify people. Sometimes follows prepositions
Whose = modifies people or things
Whom = Sometimes follows prepositions
Where = real places
In which = methaphorical phrases like conditions, situations, cases, circumstances, arrangements
Noun modifiers are usually introduced by RELATIVE pronounus such as Which That (immediatly follows a noun) Whose Whom Where When
Who and whom = modify people Which = can't modify people. Sometimes follows prepositions Whose = modifies people or things Whom = Sometimes follows prepositions Where = real places In which = methaphorical phrases like conditions, situations, cases, circumstances, arrangements when = event or time in which = event or time
Adverbial modifiers = answer how, where, why but don’t modify a plain noun
They have an effect/results reationship
The engineer fixed the problem, earning himself a promotion
Exhilarated by successful product launch, the team celebrated after work
Common subordinator markers After Although So that That Becuase Unless Before Until If When Since While
They need to logically connect the two pieces of information
Watchout for REDUNDANCY
Countable modifiers MANY FEW FEWER FEWEST NUMBER NUMEROUS
Many hats
Few stores
Fewer children
Uncontable modifiers MUCH LESS LITTLE LEAST AMOUNT GREAT
Much patience
Little merchandise
Less money
Parallelism = all part of the sentence need to have the same structure when there are parallelism markers
Each part of the sentence can be attached to the root
The employees were upset by the company’s low pay, poor working conditions, and shortage of outlets for employee’s creativity
Verbs or forms derived from verbs have more than one word. If an open marker is used, it doesn’t need repetition
The division was opening offices, hiring staff, AND investing in equipment
The railroad CAN lose more money OR solve its problems
