Sepsis Flashcards Preview

Infection > Sepsis > Flashcards

Flashcards in Sepsis Deck (16)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What is sepsis

A

Life threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host response to infection

2
Q

What is septic shock

A

Persisting hypotension requiring treatment to maintain blood pressure despite fluid resuscitation

3
Q

what does bacteraemia mean

A

the presence of bacteria in the blood

4
Q

what is the early warning system used for

A

to recognise sepsis

5
Q

how long should it take for the sepsis 6 bundle to be completed

A

1 hour

6
Q

what is the sepsis 6 bundle

A

interventions designed to reduce mortality in those identified with sepsis

  • administer oxygen
  • take blood culture
  • administer IV antibiotics
  • measure lactate levels
  • start IV fluid resuscitation
  • measure urine output
7
Q

what does the pilus on bacteria help to do

A

helps attachment

8
Q

what is the endotoxin found on bacteria

A

the lipopolysaccharide which trigger inflammation

9
Q

how does the polysaccharide capsule of bacteria aid them

A

promotes adherence and prevents phagocytosis

10
Q

how would you confirm the diagnosis of an infection

A
  • blood culture

- run a PCR to see if the organism is in the blood

11
Q

what are features of red flag sepsis

A
  • high respiratory rate
  • low blood pressure
  • unresponsive
  • high temperature
12
Q

what cytokines are released in response to infection

A

TNF (tissue necrosis factors), interleukin 1 and 6

13
Q

what does the binding of an endotoxin to a macrophage initiate

A

the inflammatory cascade as cytokines are released

14
Q

why does sepsis affect coagulation

A

the cytokines released initiate the production of thrombin and inhibit fibrinolysis

15
Q

what complications arise due to the promotion of coagulation in sepsis

A
  • microvascular thrombosis leading to organ ischemia, dysfunction and failure
16
Q

what is the major cause of multiorgan failure in sepsis

A

microvascular injury